{ "schema": "hummbl-house.map-states.v1", "built_from": { "ncei": { "name": "NOAA 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals (monthly)", "publisher": "NCEI", "api": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1", "dataset": "normals-monthly-1991-2020", "fetched_at": "2026-09-26T02:00:44Z", "units": "standard (deg F, inches, degree-days base as named)" }, "regions": "hummbl-house.climate-regions.v2", "geometry": "us-atlas@3.0.1 states-10m (ISC), d3-geo" }, "notes": [ "Normals are 30-year averages (1991-2020), not forecasts and not tail-risk models.", "Koppen class and IECC zone are computed from one anchor station per state; county assignments in the adopted code can differ.", "CDD50 is a single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min because NCEI does not serve a base-50 series through the access API.", "Decisions are rule-of-thumb design support with an auditable basis; they are not engineering, code compliance, or a permit.", "Hazard flags are state-level editorial flags meaning the hazard is a first-order design driver somewhere in the state." ], "regions": [ { "id": "northwest", "name": "Northwest", "route_position": 0, "states": [ "WA", "OR", "ID" ], "koppen_summary": "Csb marine Mediterranean west of the Cascades; Dsb/BSk dry continental and cold steppe inland", "character": "Wet mild winters and dry summers on the coast; colder, snowier, drier interior east of the Cascades.", "hazards": [ "atmospheric-river flooding", "ice storms (Columbia Gorge)", "wildfire smoke", "Cascadia subduction earthquake", "heat domes (rare, severe)" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Craftsman bungalow", "climate_fit": "deep eaves and covered porches shed the long wet season" }, { "name": "Northwest Modern", "climate_fit": "shed roofs, cedar, big glass for soft light and views — needs disciplined rain detailing" }, { "name": "A-frame / mountain cabin", "climate_fit": "steep roof dumps the inland snow load" }, { "name": "Valley farmhouse", "climate_fit": "gabled roof and wrap porch for the wet-mild Willamette pattern" }, { "name": "Inland ranch", "climate_fit": "low-pitch postwar stock where snow loads stay modest" } ], "sources": [], "design_drivers": {}, "route_cities": [ { "id": "sea", "name": "Seattle", "state": "WA", "station": "USW00024233", "lat": 47.45, "lon": -122.31, "koppen": "Csb", "jan_mean_f": 42.8, "jul_mean_f": 67.1, "annual_precip_in": 39.3, "annual_snow_in": 6.3 }, { "id": "pdx", "name": "Portland", "state": "OR", "station": "USW00024229", "lat": 45.59, "lon": -122.6, "koppen": "Csb", "jan_mean_f": 41.9, "jul_mean_f": 70.2, "annual_precip_in": 36.9, "annual_snow_in": 7.4 }, { "id": "geg", "name": "Spokane", "state": "WA", "station": "USW00024157", "lat": 47.62, "lon": -117.53, "koppen": "Dsb", "jan_mean_f": 30.0, "jul_mean_f": 70.4, "annual_precip_in": 16.4, "annual_snow_in": 45.4 }, { "id": "boi", "name": "Boise", "state": "ID", "station": "USW00024131", "lat": 43.56, "lon": -116.22, "koppen": "BSk", "jan_mean_f": 30.4, "jul_mean_f": 73.4, "annual_precip_in": 11.5, "annual_snow_in": 18.0 } ] }, { "id": "southwest", "name": "Southwest", "route_position": 3, "states": [ "AZ", "NV", "NM", "CA" ], "koppen_summary": "BWh hot desert in the low deserts; BSk cold steppe on the high plateaus; Csb Mediterranean on the SoCal coast", "character": "Arid to semi-arid with extreme summer heat in the deserts, monsoon thunderstorms in late summer, and a mild dry-summer coast.", "hazards": [ "extreme heat", "drought and water scarcity", "wildfire", "monsoon flash floods and dust storms", "earthquakes and post-fire debris flows (CA)" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Pueblo Revival / adobe", "climate_fit": "thermal mass evens the high-desert day-night swing; flat roofs fit dry, snow-free winters" }, { "name": "Territorial", "climate_fit": "adobe massing with Anglo trim and brick coping" }, { "name": "Mission / Spanish Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and clay tile for sun; courtyards make shade" }, { "name": "California ranch", "climate_fit": "single-story indoor-outdoor living the mild coast permits" }, { "name": "Desert modernism", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and oriented glass for shade with views" }, { "name": "Contemporary desert", "climate_fit": "low-pitch tile roofs, stucco, shade-first site planning" } ], "sources": [], "design_drivers": {}, "route_cities": [ { "id": "phx", "name": "Phoenix", "state": "AZ", "station": "USW00023183", "lat": 33.43, "lon": -112.01, "koppen": "BWh", "jan_mean_f": 57.0, "jul_mean_f": 96.0, "annual_precip_in": 7.2, "annual_snow_in": 0.0 }, { "id": "las", "name": "Las Vegas", "state": "NV", "station": "USW00023169", "lat": 36.08, "lon": -115.15, "koppen": "BWh", "jan_mean_f": 48.9, "jul_mean_f": 92.9, "annual_precip_in": 4.2, "annual_snow_in": 0.3 }, { "id": "lax", "name": "Los Angeles (Downtown)", "state": "CA", "station": "USC00042214", "lat": 34.05, "lon": -118.24, "koppen": "Csb", "jan_mean_f": 58.4, "jul_mean_f": 73.3, "aug_mean_f": 74.7, "annual_precip_in": 14.25, "annual_snow_in": 0.0 }, { "id": "abq", "name": "Albuquerque", "state": "NM", "station": "USW00023050", "lat": 35.04, "lon": -106.62, "koppen": "BSk", "jan_mean_f": 37.0, "jul_mean_f": 79.0, "annual_precip_in": 8.8, "annual_snow_in": 7.9 } ] }, { "id": "mountain", "name": "Mountain", "states": [ "MT", "WY", "CO", "UT" ], "koppen_summary": "BSk cold semi-arid in the valleys and basins; Dfb/Dfc humid continental to subarctic at higher elevations; ET alpine tundra above treeline; BWk cold desert on the Great Basin fringe of western Utah and Wyoming", "character": "Elevation does more work than latitude here — a town and the peak above it can sit in two different climates on the same slope. Winters are long and snow-driven in the high country; summers are short, hot in the valleys, and increasingly fire-prone.", "hazards": [ "wildfire (wildland-urban interface)", "avalanche", "heavy mountain snow load", "drought and water scarcity", "Wasatch Front seismic risk (UT)", "flash flooding from snowmelt and monsoon storms" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Ski chalet", "climate_fit": "steep gable roof and deep eaves shed heavy mountain snowfall" }, { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log walls hold heat through long, cold winters" }, { "name": "Mining-town Victorian", "climate_fit": "narrow lots and steep metal roofs from 19th-century boomtowns built for snow load" }, { "name": "Mountain modern", "climate_fit": "large glazing and simple massing chase views while metal roofs shed snow" }, { "name": "Valley ranch", "climate_fit": "low, single-story postwar stock in the drier basin towns where snow load is lighter" }, { "name": "Earth-sheltered / passive solar", "climate_fit": "Rocky Mountain berm-and-solar tradition that banks on the region's intense high-elevation sun" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "dominant", "wind": "secondary (exposed ridgelines, canyon winds)", "seismic": "secondary, concentrated on the Wasatch Front (UT)", "wildfire": "dominant", "flood": "secondary (snowmelt and canyon flash flooding)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.noaa.gov/noaa-wildfire/wildfire-climate-connection", "https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/statistics-and-reporting", "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/science/how-big-and-how-frequent-are-earthquakes-wasatch-fault", "https://www.drought.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/Prairies%20High%20Plains%20Winter%202025.pdf" ], "route_cities": [] }, { "id": "plains", "name": "Plains", "states": [ "ND", "SD", "NE", "KS", "OK" ], "koppen_summary": "Dfa humid continental in the eastern Dakotas and Nebraska; BSk cold semi-arid steppe across the High Plains; Cfa humid subtropical in southern Oklahoma", "character": "Flat and wind-exposed, with nothing on the terrain to stop colliding air masses — this is the core of Tornado Alley, where warm Gulf moisture meets cold Canadian air. Winters bring ground blizzards and whiteouts; summers bring supercells and hail.", "hazards": [ "tornadoes and severe hail", "blizzards and ground blizzards", "drought (High Plains, Ogallala aquifer stress)", "flash flooding", "sustained high wind", "grassland wildfire", "induced seismicity from oil-and-gas wastewater injection (OK)" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.noaa.gov/stories/story-map-inside-tornado-alley", "https://www.drought.gov/sites/default/files/2025-03/Prairies%20High%20Plains%20Winter%202025.pdf", "https://www.weather.gov/oun/events-19350414", "https://www.usgs.gov/publications/sharp-increase-central-oklahoma-seismicity-2009-2014-induced-massive-wastewater" ], "route_cities": [] }, { "id": "midwest", "name": "Midwest", "states": [ "MN", "WI", "MI", "IA", "MO", "IL", "IN", "OH" ], "koppen_summary": "Dfa humid continental (hot summer) across the southern Corn Belt; Dfb humid continental (warm summer) across Minnesota, Wisconsin, and northern Michigan", "character": "The Corn Belt's derecho and lake-effect corridor: a humid continental climate with real winters and increasingly violent summer convection. The Great Lakes moderate the immediate shoreline but load the snowbelt counties directly downwind.", "hazards": [ "tornadoes and severe thunderstorms", "derechos", "lake-effect snow", "river and flash flooding (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri basins)", "ice storms and extreme cold", "New Madrid Seismic Zone earthquake risk (southeastern MO)" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/AbtDerechos/derechofacts.htm", "https://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/AbtDerechos/climatologypage.htm", "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/new-madrid-seismic-zone", "https://www.weather.gov/lot/2026_08_11_Derecho" ], "route_cities": [] }, { "id": "south-central", "name": "South Central", "states": [ "TX", "LA", "AR", "MS" ], "koppen_summary": "Cfa humid subtropical across the humid east (most of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi); BSh/BSk semi-arid transitioning across the Texas Hill Country and Panhandle; Am tropical fringe in the Rio Grande Valley", "character": "The Gulf-facing load-bearing wall of the country's storm systems — hurricane landfall coast, Dixie Alley tornado corridor, and Flash Flood Alley hill country all in one region. Humidity and heat dominate east of I-35; aridity, wind, and wildfire take over west of it.", "hazards": [ "hurricanes and storm surge", "tornadoes (Dixie Alley, disproportionately nocturnal and fatal)", "flash flooding (Texas Hill Country/Flash Flood Alley)", "extreme heat", "drought and wildfire (western TX)", "severe hail and thunderstorms" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Dogtrot", "climate_fit": "open central breezeway cools two flanking rooms before mechanical air conditioning" }, { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide with aligned doors for cross-ventilation in humid heat" }, { "name": "Texas German stone farmhouse", "climate_fit": "thick limestone walls buffer the Hill Country's hot days and cool nights" }, { "name": "Acadian cottage", "climate_fit": "raised floor and broad porch handle Louisiana humidity and standing water" }, { "name": "Raised Gulf cottage", "climate_fit": "pier foundation lifts the living floor above storm surge and flood" }, { "name": "Hill Country modern", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and stone massing manage sun and flash-flood-prone sites" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant", "moisture": "dominant (Gulf humidity)", "snow_load": "minor (occasional damaging ice events)", "wind": "dominant (hurricane and tornado exposure)", "seismic": "minor", "wildfire": "secondary, concentrated in western Texas during drought", "flood": "dominant (hurricane storm surge and Hill Country flash flooding)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.noaa.gov/explainers/explainer-understanding-hurricane-hazards", "https://tfsweb.tamu.edu/topics/wildfire/wildfire-risk/", "https://www.weather.gov/shv/past_events" ], "route_cities": [ { "id": "msy", "name": "New Orleans", "state": "LA", "station": "USW00012916", "lat": 29.99, "lon": -90.25, "koppen": "Cfa", "jan_mean_f": 55.3, "jul_mean_f": 83.7, "annual_precip_in": 63.4, "annual_snow_in": 0.0 } ] }, { "id": "southeast", "name": "Southeast", "route_position": 1, "states": [ "AL", "GA", "FL", "SC", "NC", "TN", "KY" ], "koppen_summary": "Cfa humid subtropical across the region; Am tropical monsoon in South Florida", "character": "Hot humid summers, mild winters, year-round precipitation; tropical in South Florida with a marked wet season.", "hazards": [ "hurricanes and storm surge", "flash and river flooding", "severe thunderstorms and tornadoes", "extreme heat and humidity", "lightning" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "sources": [], "design_drivers": {}, "route_cities": [ { "id": "atl", "name": "Atlanta", "state": "GA", "station": "USW00013874", "lat": 33.64, "lon": -84.43, "koppen": "Cfa", "jan_mean_f": 44.9, "jul_mean_f": 80.9, "annual_precip_in": 50.4, "annual_snow_in": 2.2 }, { "id": "jax", "name": "Jacksonville", "state": "FL", "station": "USW00013889", "lat": 30.49, "lon": -81.69, "koppen": "Cfa", "jan_mean_f": 54.2, "jul_mean_f": 82.5, "annual_precip_in": 53.4, "annual_snow_in": 0.0 }, { "id": "mia", "name": "Miami", "state": "FL", "station": "USW00012839", "lat": 25.79, "lon": -80.29, "koppen": "Am", "jan_mean_f": 69.0, "jul_mean_f": 84.0, "annual_precip_in": 67.4, "annual_snow_in": 0.0 } ] }, { "id": "mid-atlantic", "name": "Mid-Atlantic", "states": [ "VA", "WV", "MD", "DE", "DC", "PA", "NJ" ], "koppen_summary": "Cfa humid subtropical along the coastal plain (DC, tidewater VA/MD, southern NJ); Dfa/Dfb humid continental across the Appalachian interior (WV, western PA, northern NJ)", "character": "The hinge between the humid South and the humid continental North — both hurricanes and nor'easters reach this coast, and the Appalachian spine sets up a sharp climate divide between the coastal plain and the ridge-and-valley interior.", "hazards": [ "hurricanes and tropical storm remnants", "nor'easters and coastal flooding", "ice storms (Appalachian and Piedmont corridor)", "severe thunderstorms and occasional tornadoes", "Chesapeake/Delaware Bay tidal flooding and sea-level rise", "Central Virginia Seismic Zone earthquake risk" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.weather.gov/erh/coastalflood", "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/science/m58-august-23-2011-mineral-virginia", "https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/outreach/history/", "https://www.midatlanticrisa.org/data-tools/climate-data-tools/storms-hurricanes-historic.html" ], "route_cities": [] }, { "id": "northeast", "name": "Northeast", "route_position": 2, "states": [ "NY", "CT", "RI", "MA", "VT", "NH", "ME" ], "koppen_summary": "Cfa humid subtropical at the coast (NYC) transitioning to Dfa/Dfb humid continental inland and north", "character": "Four full seasons: cold snowy winters, warm humid summers, precipitation spread across the year; lake-effect snow belts and nor'easters.", "hazards": [ "nor'easters and blizzards", "lake-effect snow", "ice storms and freeze-thaw", "coastal flooding", "hurricane remnants" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "sources": [], "design_drivers": {}, "route_cities": [ { "id": "nyc", "name": "New York (Central Park)", "state": "NY", "station": "USW00094728", "lat": 40.78, "lon": -73.97, "koppen": "Cfa", "jan_mean_f": 33.7, "jul_mean_f": 77.5, "annual_precip_in": 49.5, "annual_snow_in": 29.8 }, { "id": "bos", "name": "Boston", "state": "MA", "station": "USW00014739", "lat": 42.36, "lon": -71.01, "koppen": "Dfa", "jan_mean_f": 30.0, "jul_mean_f": 74.1, "annual_precip_in": 43.6, "annual_snow_in": 49.2 }, { "id": "buf", "name": "Buffalo", "state": "NY", "station": "USW00014733", "lat": 42.94, "lon": -78.74, "koppen": "Dfb", "jan_mean_f": 26.0, "jul_mean_f": 71.1, "annual_precip_in": 40.7, "annual_snow_in": 95.4 }, { "id": "pwm", "name": "Portland", "state": "ME", "station": "USW00014764", "lat": 43.65, "lon": -70.32, "koppen": "Dfb", "jan_mean_f": 23.7, "jul_mean_f": 69.9, "annual_precip_in": 48.1, "annual_snow_in": 68.7 } ] }, { "id": "alaska", "name": "Alaska", "states": [ "AK" ], "koppen_summary": "Dfc subarctic across the Interior; ET tundra north of the Arctic Circle and at high elevation; Dfb in the Southcentral lowlands (Anchorage); Cfb/Csb temperate oceanic in the Southeast panhandle rainforest", "character": "A subcontinent of climates in one state — temperate rainforest in the Southeast panhandle, subarctic taiga in the Interior, and Arctic tundra on the North Slope. Permafrost underlies much of the state and is thawing, which is a foundation problem as much as a climate one.", "hazards": [ "permafrost thaw and ground subsidence", "wildfire (boreal Interior, increasing)", "earthquake (most seismically active state in the US)", "coastal erosion and storm surge", "tsunami", "avalanche and extreme cold" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log mass and small footprint hold heat through subarctic winters" }, { "name": "Pile / elevated foundation", "climate_fit": "raises the structure off thawing permafrost to prevent differential settlement" }, { "name": "Arctic entry vestibule", "climate_fit": "double-door airlock traps cold air before it reaches living space" }, { "name": "Steep steel gable roof", "climate_fit": "slick metal roofing sheds heavy Southcentral and Interior snow load" }, { "name": "Southeast rainforest frame house", "climate_fit": "steep roof and rain-screen detailing manage the panhandle's heavy year-round precipitation" }, { "name": "Modular / prefab housing", "climate_fit": "shop-built construction compensates for short building seasons and remote logistics" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "secondary, high in the Southeast panhandle and low in the Interior/Arctic", "snow_load": "dominant in Southcentral and Interior, minor in the Arctic desert North Slope", "wind": "secondary (coastal and Aleutian exposure)", "seismic": "dominant", "wildfire": "secondary, rising in the boreal Interior", "flood": "secondary (coastal erosion and river ice-jam flooding, compounded by permafrost thaw)" }, "sources": [ "https://ready.alaska.gov/Documents/Mitigation/SHMP/2023%20State%20of%20Alaska%20Hazard%20Mitigation%20Plan.pdf", "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center/science/alaska-earthquake-and-tsunami-hazards", "https://www.usgs.gov/publications/maps-showing-seismic-landslide-hazards-anchorage-alaska" ], "route_cities": [] }, { "id": "hawaii", "name": "Hawaii", "states": [ "HI" ], "koppen_summary": "Af/Am tropical rainforest on windward slopes; Aw tropical savanna on leeward coasts; Cfb/Csb highland subtropical above roughly 2,000 feet; localized semi-arid leeward pockets", "character": "A volcanic archipelago where trade winds and elevation set the climate more than season does — windward coasts stay wet and lush, leeward coasts stay dry and sunny, and the volcanoes themselves are an active hazard, not scenery.", "hazards": [ "hurricanes and tropical storms", "volcanic activity (lava flow, vog)", "tsunami", "wildfire (leeward dry grassland)", "landslides and flash flooding (windward slopes)", "coastal erosion and sea-level rise" ], "housing_styles": [ { "name": "Plantation-style single-wall cottage", "climate_fit": "single-wall board construction and a raised floor suit a climate with no freeze risk" }, { "name": "Lanai-centric plan", "climate_fit": "covered outdoor room extends living space into the trade-wind breeze" }, { "name": "Wide-eave hipped roof", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs shed heavy windward rain while shading walls from sun" }, { "name": "Post-and-pier foundation", "climate_fit": "elevates the floor for airflow, drainage, and termite/moisture separation" }, { "name": "Hurricane-strapped concrete block (post-Iniki code)", "climate_fit": "reinforced masonry and metal strapping resist tropical-storm wind uplift" }, { "name": "Breezeway / open-plan layout", "climate_fit": "cross-ventilation substitutes for mechanical cooling in the trade-wind climate" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant, often met passively rather than mechanically", "moisture": "dominant on windward coasts, minor on leeward coasts", "snow_load": "minor (summit elevations only, Mauna Kea/Mauna Loa)", "wind": "secondary to dominant (hurricane and trade-wind loading)", "seismic": "secondary (volcanic seismicity, occasional large earthquakes)", "wildfire": "secondary, elevated on leeward grassland since the 2023 Maui fires", "flood": "secondary (windward flash flooding and coastal tsunami/storm surge)" }, "sources": [ "https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-were-hawaii-lava-flow-hazard-zones-determined", "https://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu/topics/topics-a-z/natural-hazards/", "https://www.kauai.gov/files/content/public/v/18/government/departments-agencies/emergency-management-agency/multi-hazard-mitigation-and-resilience-plan/2026-kauai-county-multi-hazard-mitigation-and-resilience-plan-final.pdf" ], "route_cities": [] } ], "states": { "AL": { "usps": "AL", "name": "Alabama", "fips": "01", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013876", "name": "BIRMINGHAM AP, AL US", "lat": 33.5656, "lon": -86.745, "elev_m": 187.5, "nws_station": "KBHM", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 44.7, 48.8, 56.0, 63.6, 71.5, 78.3, 81.5, 80.9, 75.6, 64.9, 54.0, 47.4 ], "tmax": [ 54.5, 59.1, 67.1, 75.0, 82.0, 88.1, 91.0, 90.6, 85.9, 76.0, 65.0, 56.9 ], "tmin": [ 34.9, 38.4, 45.0, 52.1, 61.0, 68.5, 72.1, 71.3, 65.3, 53.9, 43.0, 37.9 ], "prcp": [ 5.03, 4.95, 5.66, 5.08, 4.91, 4.78, 5.42, 4.35, 4.0, 3.34, 4.23, 4.87 ], "snow": [ 0.4, 0.3, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2 ], "hdd65": [ 630.8, 459.0, 300.5, 116.9, 21.2, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 5.7, 105.2, 344.0, 550.0 ], "cdd65": [ 1.7, 4.0, 23.0, 73.5, 222.6, 399.2, 513.0, 494.4, 323.6, 103.6, 14.0, 4.4 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 63.9, "jan_mean_f": 44.7, "jul_mean_f": 81.5, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 56.62, "snow_in": 1.4, "hdd65": 2533, "cdd65": 2177, "cdd50": 5645, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Mar", "driest_month": "Oct" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 17.7, "map_mm": 1438, "thot_c": 27.5, "tcold_c": 7.1, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 85, "pthreshold_mm": 494.8, "summer_share": 0.5 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 56.6, "dry_limit_in": 19.6, "tcold_f": 44.7, "thot_f": 81.5, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 5645, "hdd65": 2533 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Jefferson", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 2533 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 57 in, snow 1.4 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Jefferson County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Hurricane wind, Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Alabama, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 2533, CDD65 2177); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 661.3, 425.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "AL", "nws_station": "KBHM", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "AK": { "usps": "AK", "name": "Alaska", "fips": "02", "region": "alaska", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00026451", "name": "ANCHORAGE INTL AP, AK US", "lat": 61.1689, "lon": -150.0278, "elev_m": 36.6, "nws_station": "PANC", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 16.9, 21.3, 25.8, 37.5, 48.1, 55.9, 59.6, 57.5, 49.3, 36.3, 23.6, 19.4 ], "tmax": [ 22.7, 27.3, 33.0, 45.1, 56.3, 63.4, 66.2, 64.0, 55.7, 42.0, 28.9, 25.0 ], "tmin": [ 11.0, 15.2, 18.6, 29.9, 40.0, 48.4, 52.9, 50.9, 42.9, 30.7, 18.3, 13.8 ], "prcp": [ 0.75, 0.86, 0.69, 0.43, 0.65, 1.02, 1.82, 2.93, 3.1, 1.82, 1.19, 1.16 ], "snow": [ 12.4, 13.4, 11.0, 4.0, 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.4, 5.6, 12.6, 18.2 ], "hdd65": [ 1492.6, 1225.0, 1215.1, 825.0, 522.4, 274.7, 173.6, 235.5, 471.0, 888.1, 1241.9, 1413.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.6, 4.6, 1.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 37.6, "jan_mean_f": 16.9, "jul_mean_f": 59.6, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 16.42, "snow_in": 77.9, "hdd65": 9979, "cdd65": 8, "cdd50": 816, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Sep", "driest_month": "Apr" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dsc", "name": "Dry-summer subarctic", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 3.1, "map_mm": 417, "thot_c": 15.3, "tcold_c": -8.4, "tmon10": 3, "pdry_mm": 11, "pthreshold_mm": 202.2, "summer_share": 0.61 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 7, "moisture": "A", "label": "7A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 16.4, "dry_limit_in": 8.0, "tcold_f": 16.9, "thot_f": 59.6, "months_over_50f": 3, "summer_dry_season": true, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 816, "hdd65": 9979 }, "adopted": { "zone": "7", "county": "Anchorage Municipality", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "permafrost", "label": "Permafrost" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "coastal-erosion", "label": "Coastal erosion" }, { "id": "tsunami", "label": "Tsunami" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log mass and small footprint hold heat through subarctic winters" }, { "name": "Pile / elevated foundation", "climate_fit": "raises the structure off thawing permafrost to prevent differential settlement" }, { "name": "Arctic entry vestibule", "climate_fit": "double-door airlock traps cold air before it reaches living space" }, { "name": "Steep steel gable roof", "climate_fit": "slick metal roofing sheds heavy Southcentral and Interior snow load" }, { "name": "Southeast rainforest frame house", "climate_fit": "steep roof and rain-screen detailing manage the panhandle's heavy year-round precipitation" }, { "name": "Modular / prefab housing", "climate_fit": "shop-built construction compensates for short building seasons and remote logistics" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "secondary, high in the Southeast panhandle and low in the Interior/Arctic", "snow_load": "dominant in Southcentral and Interior, minor in the Arctic desert North Slope", "wind": "secondary (coastal and Aleutian exposure)", "seismic": "dominant", "wildfire": "secondary, rising in the boreal Interior", "flood": "secondary (coastal erosion and river ice-jam flooding, compounded by permafrost thaw)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated, severe", "because": "IECC zone 7: HDD65 9979 above 9000", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "steep, 8:12 or more, with snow retention", "because": "annual snowfall normal 78 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated on piles or thermosyphon-cooled pads; never slab-on-grade over ice-rich soil", "because": "permafrost flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 7", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-38; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 7 (Anchorage Municipality County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; thermal separation from the ground; monitor for differential settlement", "because": "Earthquake, Permafrost, Extreme cold, Wildfire, Coastal erosion, Tsunami", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Alaska, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 9979, CDD65 8); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dsc normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 100.7, 514.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "AK", "nws_station": "PANC", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00026411", "name": "FAIRBANKS INTL AP, AK US", "lat": 64.8039, "lon": -147.8761, "annual": { "tavg_f": 28.3, "jan_mean_f": -8.3, "jul_mean_f": 62.9, "precip_in": 11.7, "snow_in": 64.6, "hdd65": 13420, "cdd50": 1116 }, "koppen": "Dfb", "iecc_zone": 8 } ] }, "AZ": { "usps": "AZ", "name": "Arizona", "fips": "04", "region": "southwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00023183", "name": "PHOENIX SKY HARBOR INTL AP, AZ US", "lat": 33.4278, "lon": -112.0039, "elev_m": 337.4, "nws_station": "KPHX", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 56.8, 59.9, 66.3, 73.2, 82.0, 91.4, 95.5, 94.4, 89.2, 77.4, 65.1, 55.8 ], "tmax": [ 67.6, 70.8, 78.1, 85.5, 94.5, 104.2, 106.5, 105.1, 100.4, 89.2, 76.5, 66.2 ], "tmin": [ 46.0, 49.0, 54.5, 60.8, 69.5, 78.6, 84.5, 83.6, 78.1, 65.6, 53.7, 45.3 ], "prcp": [ 0.87, 0.87, 0.83, 0.22, 0.13, 0.02, 0.91, 0.93, 0.57, 0.56, 0.57, 0.74 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "hdd65": [ 256.2, 159.0, 64.7, 14.3, 0.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 5.8, 85.0, 288.5 ], "cdd65": [ 2.0, 16.3, 105.0, 258.9, 527.8, 791.9, 945.4, 909.8, 727.4, 390.2, 88.1, 1.9 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 75.6, "jan_mean_f": 56.8, "jul_mean_f": 95.5, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 7.22, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 874, "cdd65": 4765, "cdd50": 9423, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Aug", "driest_month": "Jun", "snow_note": "NCEI publishes no snowfall normal for this station; treated as 0 in" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BWh", "name": "Hot desert", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 24.2, "map_mm": 183, "thot_c": 35.3, "tcold_c": 13.2, "tmon10": 12, "pdry_mm": 1, "pthreshold_mm": 624.3, "summer_share": 0.39 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 1, "moisture": "B", "label": "1B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 7.2, "dry_limit_in": 24.7, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 9423, "hdd65": 874 }, "adopted": { "zone": "2B", "county": "Maricopa", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 1B from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 2B to Maricopa County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" }, { "id": "monsoon", "label": "Monsoon thunderstorms" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Pueblo Revival / adobe", "climate_fit": "thermal mass evens the high-desert day-night swing; flat roofs fit dry, snow-free winters" }, { "name": "Territorial", "climate_fit": "adobe massing with Anglo trim and brick coping" }, { "name": "Mission / Spanish Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and clay tile for sun; courtyards make shade" }, { "name": "California ranch", "climate_fit": "single-story indoor-outdoor living the mild coast permits" }, { "name": "Desert modernism", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and oriented glass for shade with views" }, { "name": "Contemporary desert", "climate_fit": "low-pitch tile roofs, stucco, shade-first site planning" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 1: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "low-slope or flat acceptable with positive drainage and parapet scuppers", "because": "precip 7 in, snow 0.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "slab-on-grade with capillary break, termite shield and edge moisture detailing", "because": "IECC zone 1, no flood flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-13 or R-0+10ci; floor R-13; slab R-0; basement wall R-0", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 2B (Maricopa County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Extreme heat, Drought, Wildfire, Flash flood, Monsoon thunderstorms", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Arizona, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 874, CDD65 4765); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BWh normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 204.8, 376.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "AZ", "nws_station": "KPHX", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "AR": { "usps": "AR", "name": "Arkansas", "fips": "05", "region": "south-central", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013963", "name": "LITTLE ROCK AP ADAMS FLD, AR US", "lat": 34.7272, "lon": -92.2389, "elev_m": 78.6, "nws_station": "KLIT", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 40.7, 44.7, 52.7, 61.4, 69.9, 78.0, 81.4, 80.8, 74.0, 62.6, 51.1, 43.0 ], "tmax": [ 50.5, 55.2, 63.7, 72.8, 80.5, 88.2, 91.7, 91.5, 85.1, 74.2, 61.9, 52.6 ], "tmin": [ 30.9, 34.2, 41.8, 50.1, 59.3, 67.7, 71.2, 70.1, 62.9, 50.9, 40.2, 33.3 ], "prcp": [ 3.5, 3.97, 4.96, 5.59, 5.08, 3.55, 3.33, 3.16, 3.01, 4.47, 4.72, 5.08 ], "snow": [ 1.1, 1.6, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.6 ], "hdd65": [ 753.8, 569.4, 391.1, 154.2, 30.3, 0.4, 0.0, 0.0, 10.8, 144.8, 425.4, 684.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.7, 1.1, 11.4, 47.7, 182.2, 388.8, 509.9, 489.7, 280.7, 68.9, 6.9, 0.9 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 61.7, "jan_mean_f": 40.7, "jul_mean_f": 81.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 50.42, "snow_in": 3.8, "hdd65": 3165, "cdd65": 1989, "cdd50": 5157, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Apr", "driest_month": "Sep" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 16.5, "map_mm": 1281, "thot_c": 27.4, "tcold_c": 4.8, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 76, "pthreshold_mm": 469.9, "summer_share": 0.47 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 50.4, "dry_limit_in": 18.6, "tcold_f": 40.7, "thot_f": 81.4, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 5157, "hdd65": 3165 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Pulaski", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Dogtrot", "climate_fit": "open central breezeway cools two flanking rooms before mechanical air conditioning" }, { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide with aligned doors for cross-ventilation in humid heat" }, { "name": "Texas German stone farmhouse", "climate_fit": "thick limestone walls buffer the Hill Country's hot days and cool nights" }, { "name": "Acadian cottage", "climate_fit": "raised floor and broad porch handle Louisiana humidity and standing water" }, { "name": "Raised Gulf cottage", "climate_fit": "pier foundation lifts the living floor above storm surge and flood" }, { "name": "Hill Country modern", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and stone massing manage sun and flash-flood-prone sites" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant", "moisture": "dominant (Gulf humidity)", "snow_load": "minor (occasional damaging ice events)", "wind": "dominant (hurricane and tornado exposure)", "seismic": "minor", "wildfire": "secondary, concentrated in western Texas during drought", "flood": "dominant (hurricane storm surge and Hill Country flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 3165 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 50 in, snow 3.8 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Pulaski County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Ice storm, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Arkansas, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3165, CDD65 1989); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 555, 384.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "AR", "nws_station": "KLIT", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "CA": { "usps": "CA", "name": "California", "fips": "06", "region": "southwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00023174", "name": "LOS ANGELES INTL AP, CA US", "lat": 33.9381, "lon": -118.3889, "elev_m": 29.6, "nws_station": "KLAX", "note": "USW00023174 LOS ANGELES INTL AP replaces USC00042214 (NCEI name CULVER CITY), which the 16-station route page uses for Los Angeles." }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 57.9, 57.9, 59.1, 61.1, 63.6, 66.4, 69.6, 70.7, 70.1, 67.1, 62.3, 57.6 ], "tmax": [ 66.3, 65.6, 66.1, 68.1, 69.5, 72.0, 75.1, 76.7, 76.5, 74.4, 70.9, 66.1 ], "tmin": [ 49.4, 50.1, 52.2, 54.2, 57.6, 60.9, 64.0, 64.8, 63.7, 59.8, 53.7, 49.1 ], "prcp": [ 2.86, 2.99, 1.73, 0.6, 0.28, 0.08, 0.04, 0.0, 0.11, 0.49, 0.82, 2.23 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "hdd65": [ 227.4, 207.3, 189.8, 132.5, 69.5, 13.0, 1.5, 1.0, 2.4, 26.0, 111.2, 232.0 ], "cdd65": [ 5.8, 7.1, 8.5, 17.0, 24.5, 56.5, 142.5, 179.2, 155.4, 91.1, 30.2, 2.6 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 63.6, "jan_mean_f": 57.9, "jul_mean_f": 69.6, "warmest_month": "Aug", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 12.23, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 1214, "cdd65": 720, "cdd50": 4988, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Feb", "driest_month": "Aug", "snow_note": "NCEI publishes no snowfall normal for this station; treated as 0 in" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSk", "name": "Cold semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 17.6, "map_mm": 311, "thot_c": 21.5, "tcold_c": 14.2, "tmon10": 12, "pdry_mm": 0, "pthreshold_mm": 351.3, "summer_share": 0.09 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "B", "label": "3B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 12.2, "dry_limit_in": 19.4, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 4988, "hdd65": 1214 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3B", "county": "Los Angeles", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "atmospheric-river", "label": "Atmospheric river" }, { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Pueblo Revival / adobe", "climate_fit": "thermal mass evens the high-desert day-night swing; flat roofs fit dry, snow-free winters" }, { "name": "Territorial", "climate_fit": "adobe massing with Anglo trim and brick coping" }, { "name": "Mission / Spanish Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and clay tile for sun; courtyards make shade" }, { "name": "California ranch", "climate_fit": "single-story indoor-outdoor living the mild coast permits" }, { "name": "Desert modernism", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and oriented glass for shade with views" }, { "name": "Contemporary desert", "climate_fit": "low-pitch tile roofs, stucco, shade-first site planning" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 1214 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "low-slope or flat acceptable with positive drainage and parapet scuppers", "because": "precip 12 in, snow 0.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "slab-on-grade with capillary break, termite shield and edge moisture detailing", "because": "IECC zone 3, no flood flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3B (Los Angeles County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Earthquake, Wildfire, Drought, Atmospheric river, Extreme heat", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in California, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 1214, CDD65 720); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSk normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 80.8, 283.4 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "CA", "nws_station": "KLAX", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00023234", "name": "SAN FRANCISCO INTL AP, CA US", "lat": 37.6197, "lon": -122.3647, "annual": { "tavg_f": 58.7, "jan_mean_f": 51.3, "jul_mean_f": 64.0, "precip_in": 19.6, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 2475, "cdd50": 3342 }, "koppen": "Csb", "iecc_zone": 3 } ] }, "CO": { "usps": "CO", "name": "Colorado", "fips": "08", "region": "mountain", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00023062", "name": "DENVER-STAPLETON, CO US", "lat": 39.7633, "lon": -104.8694, "elev_m": 1611.2, "nws_station": "KDEN", "note": "USW00023062 DENVER-STAPLETON is the anchor because USW00003017 DENVER INTL AP has no published snowfall normal; DIA is kept as a secondary station." }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 32.1, 33.4, 41.8, 48.1, 57.6, 68.5, 74.8, 72.5, 64.2, 51.2, 40.2, 31.8 ], "tmax": [ 46.5, 47.5, 56.4, 62.5, 71.7, 84.1, 90.2, 87.9, 80.1, 66.7, 54.8, 45.9 ], "tmin": [ 17.6, 19.3, 27.1, 33.7, 43.4, 52.9, 59.3, 57.2, 48.2, 35.7, 25.5, 17.7 ], "prcp": [ 0.46, 0.53, 1.12, 1.67, 2.29, 1.68, 2.12, 1.83, 1.51, 0.98, 0.7, 0.47 ], "snow": [ 6.4, 7.6, 8.8, 6.2, 1.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.8, 3.9, 7.3, 6.6 ], "hdd65": [ 1021.5, 884.6, 720.9, 508.0, 256.6, 46.3, 4.0, 9.5, 108.1, 430.9, 745.6, 1029.0 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 25.6, 151.2, 306.1, 243.5, 82.5, 3.1, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 51.3, "jan_mean_f": 32.1, "jul_mean_f": 74.8, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 15.36, "snow_in": 49.0, "hdd65": 5765, "cdd65": 813, "cdd50": 3076, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSk", "name": "Cold semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 10.8, "map_mm": 390, "thot_c": 23.8, "tcold_c": -0.1, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 12, "pthreshold_mm": 495.0, "summer_share": 0.72 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 15.4, "dry_limit_in": 14.0, "tcold_f": 31.8, "thot_f": 74.8, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3076, "hdd65": 5765 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5B", "county": "Denver", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 5A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 5B to Denver County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ski chalet", "climate_fit": "steep gable roof and deep eaves shed heavy mountain snowfall" }, { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log walls hold heat through long, cold winters" }, { "name": "Mining-town Victorian", "climate_fit": "narrow lots and steep metal roofs from 19th-century boomtowns built for snow load" }, { "name": "Mountain modern", "climate_fit": "large glazing and simple massing chase views while metal roofs shed snow" }, { "name": "Valley ranch", "climate_fit": "low, single-story postwar stock in the drier basin towns where snow load is lighter" }, { "name": "Earth-sheltered / passive solar", "climate_fit": "Rocky Mountain berm-and-solar tradition that banks on the region's intense high-elevation sun" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "dominant", "wind": "secondary (exposed ridgelines, canyon winds)", "seismic": "secondary, concentrated on the Wasatch Front (UT)", "wildfire": "dominant", "flood": "secondary (snowmelt and canyon flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5765", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 49 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5B (Denver County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Wildfire, Hail, Snow load, Drought, Flash flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Colorado, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5765, CDD65 813); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSk normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 326.4, 285.1 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "CO", "nws_station": "KDEN", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00003017", "name": "DENVER INTL AP, CO US", "lat": 39.8328, "lon": -104.6575, "annual": { "tavg_f": 51.2, "jan_mean_f": 31.7, "jul_mean_f": 75.1, "precip_in": 14.5, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 5862, "cdd50": 3053 }, "koppen": "BSk", "iecc_zone": 5 } ] }, "CT": { "usps": "CT", "name": "Connecticut", "fips": "09", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014740", "name": "HARTFORD BRADLEY INTL AP, CT US", "lat": 41.9381, "lon": -72.6825, "elev_m": 57.9, "nws_station": "KBDL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 27.1, 29.6, 37.8, 49.5, 60.0, 68.9, 74.3, 72.5, 64.8, 53.0, 42.3, 32.6 ], "tmax": [ 35.3, 38.5, 47.3, 60.5, 71.7, 79.9, 85.2, 83.3, 75.7, 63.5, 51.5, 40.6 ], "tmin": [ 18.8, 20.7, 28.2, 38.4, 48.4, 57.8, 63.4, 61.7, 53.8, 42.4, 33.0, 24.6 ], "prcp": [ 3.28, 3.13, 3.81, 3.88, 3.79, 4.28, 4.17, 4.21, 4.39, 4.52, 3.51, 4.08 ], "snow": [ 14.2, 14.8, 9.4, 1.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 1.4, 10.1 ], "hdd65": [ 1176.3, 991.1, 845.1, 473.2, 193.3, 34.7, 2.0, 5.6, 93.1, 381.8, 682.6, 1004.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.4, 6.7, 39.8, 150.1, 290.2, 238.1, 85.6, 8.3, 0.1, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 51.0, "jan_mean_f": 27.1, "jul_mean_f": 74.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 47.05, "snow_in": 51.7, "hdd65": 5883, "cdd65": 819, "cdd50": 3033, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Oct", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 10.6, "map_mm": 1195, "thot_c": 23.5, "tcold_c": -2.7, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 80, "pthreshold_mm": 351.5, "summer_share": 0.53 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 47.0, "dry_limit_in": 13.9, "tcold_f": 27.1, "thot_f": 74.3, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3033, "hdd65": 5883 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Hartford", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5883", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 52 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Hartford County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Nor'easter, Coastal flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Tropical remnants", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Connecticut, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5883, CDD65 819); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 872.2, 187.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "CT", "nws_station": "KBDL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "DE": { "usps": "DE", "name": "Delaware", "fips": "10", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013781", "name": "WILMINGTON NEW CASTLE CO AP, DE US", "lat": 39.6728, "lon": -75.6008, "elev_m": 24.1, "nws_station": "KILG", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 33.5, 35.5, 43.2, 53.9, 63.5, 72.6, 77.6, 75.8, 68.9, 57.2, 46.6, 38.2 ], "tmax": [ 41.4, 44.1, 52.5, 64.2, 73.5, 82.2, 86.8, 84.9, 78.5, 67.0, 55.9, 46.0 ], "tmin": [ 25.6, 27.0, 33.9, 43.5, 53.4, 63.0, 68.3, 66.6, 59.3, 47.3, 37.4, 30.3 ], "prcp": [ 3.23, 2.83, 4.16, 3.51, 3.57, 4.67, 4.41, 3.98, 4.38, 3.68, 3.06, 3.85 ], "snow": [ 6.1, 7.8, 3.1, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 2.9 ], "hdd65": [ 976.3, 824.5, 676.5, 347.0, 121.7, 13.1, 0.1, 0.6, 38.0, 265.8, 550.9, 832.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.8, 12.5, 73.6, 241.0, 389.0, 333.8, 154.9, 22.5, 0.4, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 55.5, "jan_mean_f": 33.5, "jul_mean_f": 77.6, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 45.33, "snow_in": 20.2, "hdd65": 4647, "cdd65": 1228, "cdd50": 3769, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.1, "map_mm": 1151, "thot_c": 25.3, "tcold_c": 0.8, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 72, "pthreshold_mm": 401.6, "summer_share": 0.54 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 45.3, "dry_limit_in": 15.9, "tcold_f": 33.5, "thot_f": 77.6, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3769, "hdd65": 4647 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "New Castle", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4647 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 20 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (New Castle County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Coastal flood, Nor'easter, Tropical remnants, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Delaware, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4647, CDD65 1228); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 840.2, 255.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "DE", "nws_station": "KILG", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "DC": { "usps": "DC", "name": "District of Columbia", "fips": "11", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013743", "name": "WASHINGTON REAGAN AP, VA US", "lat": 38.8483, "lon": -77.0342, "elev_m": 3.0, "nws_station": "KDCA", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 37.5, 40.0, 47.6, 58.2, 67.2, 76.3, 81.0, 79.4, 72.4, 60.8, 49.9, 41.7 ], "tmax": [ 44.8, 48.3, 56.5, 68.0, 76.5, 85.1, 89.6, 87.8, 80.7, 69.4, 58.2, 48.8 ], "tmin": [ 30.1, 31.8, 38.6, 48.4, 58.0, 67.5, 72.4, 71.0, 64.1, 52.2, 41.6, 34.5 ], "prcp": [ 2.86, 2.62, 3.5, 3.21, 3.94, 4.2, 4.33, 3.25, 3.93, 3.66, 2.91, 3.41 ], "snow": [ 4.9, 5.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 1.7 ], "hdd65": [ 853.9, 698.7, 543.8, 236.4, 62.6, 4.0, 0.0, 0.1, 15.6, 175.2, 454.9, 724.0 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.1, 2.9, 32.4, 132.3, 343.0, 495.9, 446.4, 237.5, 45.1, 2.0, 0.2 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 59.3, "jan_mean_f": 37.5, "jul_mean_f": 81.0, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 41.82, "snow_in": 13.7, "hdd65": 3769, "cdd65": 1738, "cdd50": 4586, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 15.2, "map_mm": 1062, "thot_c": 27.2, "tcold_c": 3.1, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 67, "pthreshold_mm": 443.7, "summer_share": 0.55 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 41.8, "dry_limit_in": 17.5, "tcold_f": 37.5, "thot_f": 81.0, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4586, "hdd65": 3769 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "District of Columbia", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 3769 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 14 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (District of Columbia County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Heat and humidity, Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Tropical remnants", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in District of Columbia, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3769, CDD65 1738); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 815.1, 262.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "DC", "nws_station": "KDCA", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "FL": { "usps": "FL", "name": "Florida", "fips": "12", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013889", "name": "JACKSONVILLE, FL US", "lat": 30.4844, "lon": -81.7019, "elev_m": 10.1, "nws_station": "KJAX", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 54.2, 57.5, 62.4, 68.1, 74.9, 80.3, 82.5, 82.1, 78.8, 71.2, 62.3, 56.7 ], "tmax": [ 65.5, 68.9, 74.3, 79.8, 85.9, 89.9, 91.9, 90.8, 87.2, 80.9, 73.2, 67.5 ], "tmin": [ 42.9, 46.1, 50.6, 56.4, 63.9, 70.7, 73.2, 73.4, 70.5, 61.5, 51.3, 45.8 ], "prcp": [ 3.28, 2.86, 3.29, 2.93, 3.42, 7.6, 6.77, 6.88, 7.56, 4.03, 2.0, 2.78 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "hdd65": [ 349.5, 234.3, 142.8, 43.4, 3.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 24.7, 143.7, 285.3 ], "cdd65": [ 14.9, 24.3, 63.7, 136.4, 310.6, 459.0, 544.0, 530.1, 415.6, 216.9, 61.3, 26.5 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 69.3, "jan_mean_f": 54.2, "jul_mean_f": 82.5, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 53.4, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 1228, "cdd65": 2803, "cdd50": 7151, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Nov" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 20.7, "map_mm": 1356, "thot_c": 28.1, "tcold_c": 12.3, "tmon10": 12, "pdry_mm": 51, "pthreshold_mm": 553.9, "summer_share": 0.66 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 2, "moisture": "A", "label": "2A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 53.4, "dry_limit_in": 21.9, "tcold_f": 54.2, "thot_f": 82.5, "months_over_50f": 12, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 7151, "hdd65": 1228 }, "adopted": { "zone": "2A", "county": "Duval", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "storm-surge", "label": "Storm surge" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" }, { "id": "lightning", "label": "Lightning" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 2: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 53 in, snow 0.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 2", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-13 or R-0+10ci; floor R-13; slab R-0; basement wall R-0", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 2A (Duval County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Hurricane wind, Storm surge, Riverine / urban flood, Heat and humidity, Lightning", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Florida, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 1228, CDD65 2803); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 755.7, 507.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "FL", "nws_station": "KJAX", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00012839", "name": "MIAMI INTL AP, FL US", "lat": 25.7906, "lon": -80.3164, "annual": { "tavg_f": 77.5, "jan_mean_f": 68.6, "jul_mean_f": 84.1, "precip_in": 67.4, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 104, "cdd50": 10033 }, "koppen": "Am", "iecc_zone": 1 } ] }, "GA": { "usps": "GA", "name": "Georgia", "fips": "13", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013874", "name": "ATLANTA HARTSFIELD INTL AP, GA US", "lat": 33.63, "lon": -84.4417, "elev_m": 307.8, "nws_station": "KATL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 44.8, 48.5, 55.6, 63.2, 71.2, 77.9, 80.9, 80.2, 74.9, 64.7, 54.2, 47.3 ], "tmax": [ 54.0, 58.2, 65.9, 73.8, 81.1, 87.1, 90.1, 89.0, 83.9, 74.4, 64.1, 56.2 ], "tmin": [ 35.6, 38.9, 45.3, 52.5, 61.3, 68.6, 71.8, 71.3, 65.9, 54.9, 44.2, 38.4 ], "prcp": [ 4.59, 4.55, 4.68, 3.81, 3.56, 4.54, 4.75, 4.3, 3.82, 3.28, 3.98, 4.57 ], "snow": [ 1.0, 0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.4 ], "hdd65": [ 626.7, 462.5, 308.5, 119.7, 21.9, 1.1, 0.0, 0.1, 5.4, 98.6, 335.9, 550.5 ], "cdd65": [ 0.6, 2.0, 17.1, 64.2, 214.0, 386.5, 494.4, 469.7, 302.3, 87.8, 10.4, 1.9 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 63.6, "jan_mean_f": 44.8, "jul_mean_f": 80.9, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 50.43, "snow_in": 2.2, "hdd65": 2531, "cdd65": 2051, "cdd50": 5494, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Oct" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 17.6, "map_mm": 1281, "thot_c": 27.2, "tcold_c": 7.1, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 83, "pthreshold_mm": 491.3, "summer_share": 0.49 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 50.4, "dry_limit_in": 19.4, "tcold_f": 44.8, "thot_f": 80.9, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 5494, "hdd65": 2531 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Fulton (straddles Clayton, also 3A)", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 2531 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 50 in, snow 2.2 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Fulton (straddles Clayton, also 3A) County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Tropical remnants, Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Heat and humidity, Ice storm", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Georgia, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 2531, CDD65 2051); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 724.7, 421.1 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "GA", "nws_station": "KATL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "HI": { "usps": "HI", "name": "Hawaii", "fips": "15", "region": "hawaii", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00022521", "name": "HONOLULU INTL AP, HI US", "lat": 21.3239, "lon": -157.9294, "elev_m": 2.1, "nws_station": "PHNL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 73.6, 73.8, 74.7, 76.6, 78.2, 80.3, 81.6, 82.2, 81.6, 80.4, 78.0, 75.5 ], "tmax": [ 80.5, 80.5, 81.2, 83.1, 84.8, 86.9, 88.1, 88.8, 88.4, 86.9, 84.1, 81.8 ], "tmin": [ 66.8, 67.1, 68.1, 70.1, 71.5, 73.8, 75.1, 75.6, 74.8, 73.9, 71.8, 69.2 ], "prcp": [ 1.84, 1.94, 2.36, 0.77, 0.82, 0.5, 0.52, 0.84, 0.88, 1.51, 2.25, 2.18 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "hdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "cdd65": [ 268.2, 246.4, 299.2, 348.0, 407.7, 460.5, 514.6, 533.2, 498.0, 477.4, 388.5, 325.5 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 78.0, "jan_mean_f": 73.6, "jul_mean_f": 81.6, "warmest_month": "Aug", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 16.41, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 0, "cdd65": 4767, "cdd50": 10248, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Mar", "driest_month": "Jun", "snow_note": "NCEI publishes no snowfall normal for this station; treated as 0 in" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSh", "name": "Hot semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 25.6, "map_mm": 417, "thot_c": 27.9, "tcold_c": 23.1, "tmon10": 12, "pdry_mm": 13, "pthreshold_mm": 511.6, "summer_share": 0.26 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 1, "moisture": "B", "label": "1B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 16.4, "dry_limit_in": 25.8, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 10248, "hdd65": 0 }, "adopted": { "zone": "1A", "county": "Honolulu", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 1B from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 1A to Honolulu County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "volcanic", "label": "Volcanic" }, { "id": "tsunami", "label": "Tsunami" }, { "id": "salt-air", "label": "Salt air corrosion" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Plantation-style single-wall cottage", "climate_fit": "single-wall board construction and a raised floor suit a climate with no freeze risk" }, { "name": "Lanai-centric plan", "climate_fit": "covered outdoor room extends living space into the trade-wind breeze" }, { "name": "Wide-eave hipped roof", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs shed heavy windward rain while shading walls from sun" }, { "name": "Post-and-pier foundation", "climate_fit": "elevates the floor for airflow, drainage, and termite/moisture separation" }, { "name": "Hurricane-strapped concrete block (post-Iniki code)", "climate_fit": "reinforced masonry and metal strapping resist tropical-storm wind uplift" }, { "name": "Breezeway / open-plan layout", "climate_fit": "cross-ventilation substitutes for mechanical cooling in the trade-wind climate" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant, often met passively rather than mechanically", "moisture": "dominant on windward coasts, minor on leeward coasts", "snow_load": "minor (summit elevations only, Mauna Kea/Mauna Loa)", "wind": "secondary to dominant (hurricane and trade-wind loading)", "seismic": "secondary (volcanic seismicity, occasional large earthquakes)", "wildfire": "secondary, elevated on leeward grassland since the 2023 Maui fires", "flood": "secondary (windward flash flooding and coastal tsunami/storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 1: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 16 in, snow 0.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-30; wood-frame wall R-13 or R-0+10ci; floor R-13; slab R-0; basement wall R-0", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 1A (Honolulu County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; stainless or hot-dip galvanized fasteners, corrosion-rated hardware; sealed envelope and filtered ventilation for vog; check lava-flow hazard zone before siting", "because": "Hurricane wind, Riverine / urban flood, Volcanic, Tsunami, Salt air corrosion, Wildfire", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Hawaii, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 0, CDD65 4767); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSh normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 294.7, 563.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "HI", "nws_station": "PHNL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "ID": { "usps": "ID", "name": "Idaho", "fips": "16", "region": "northwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024131", "name": "BOISE AIR TERMINAL, ID US", "lat": 43.5667, "lon": -116.2406, "elev_m": 857.7, "nws_station": "KBOI", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 32.2, 37.5, 45.2, 50.9, 59.9, 67.8, 77.3, 75.8, 66.3, 53.2, 40.3, 32.1 ], "tmax": [ 38.8, 46.0, 55.5, 62.3, 72.3, 81.4, 92.7, 90.7, 80.0, 64.8, 48.8, 38.8 ], "tmin": [ 25.5, 29.0, 34.9, 39.6, 47.5, 54.1, 61.9, 60.8, 52.6, 41.5, 31.7, 25.4 ], "prcp": [ 1.41, 1.0, 1.33, 1.23, 1.45, 0.75, 0.21, 0.17, 0.43, 0.81, 1.18, 1.54 ], "snow": [ 5.3, 3.3, 1.2, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 2.0, 5.6 ], "hdd65": [ 1018.2, 769.9, 614.0, 424.4, 200.3, 60.8, 5.2, 8.2, 80.2, 377.4, 742.4, 1019.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 3.1, 42.0, 143.4, 386.2, 341.3, 119.0, 10.1, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 53.2, "jan_mean_f": 32.2, "jul_mean_f": 77.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 11.51, "snow_in": 17.6, "hdd65": 5320, "cdd65": 1045, "cdd50": 3313, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Dec", "driest_month": "Aug" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSk", "name": "Cold semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 11.8, "map_mm": 292, "thot_c": 25.2, "tcold_c": 0.1, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 4, "pthreshold_mm": 375.6, "summer_share": 0.37 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "B", "label": "4B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 11.5, "dry_limit_in": 14.8, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 3313, "hdd65": 5320 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5B", "county": "Ada", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 4B from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 5B to Ada County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Craftsman bungalow", "climate_fit": "deep eaves and covered porches shed the long wet season" }, { "name": "Northwest Modern", "climate_fit": "shed roofs, cedar, big glass for soft light and views — needs disciplined rain detailing" }, { "name": "A-frame / mountain cabin", "climate_fit": "steep roof dumps the inland snow load" }, { "name": "Valley farmhouse", "climate_fit": "gabled roof and wrap porch for the wet-mild Willamette pattern" }, { "name": "Inland ranch", "climate_fit": "low-pitch postwar stock where snow loads stay modest" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 5320 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 18 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5B (Ada County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Wildfire, Snow load, Earthquake, Extreme cold", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Idaho, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5320, CDD65 1045); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSk normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 195.7, 144.1 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "ID", "nws_station": "KBOI", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "IL": { "usps": "IL", "name": "Illinois", "fips": "17", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00094846", "name": "CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP, IL US", "lat": 41.995, "lon": -87.9336, "elev_m": 200.6, "nws_station": "KORD", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 25.2, 28.8, 39.0, 49.7, 60.6, 70.6, 75.4, 73.8, 66.3, 54.0, 41.3, 30.5 ], "tmax": [ 31.6, 35.7, 47.0, 59.0, 70.5, 80.4, 84.5, 82.5, 75.5, 62.7, 48.4, 36.6 ], "tmin": [ 18.8, 21.8, 31.0, 40.3, 50.6, 60.8, 66.4, 65.1, 57.1, 45.4, 34.1, 24.4 ], "prcp": [ 1.99, 1.97, 2.45, 3.75, 4.49, 4.1, 3.71, 4.25, 3.19, 3.43, 2.42, 2.11 ], "snow": [ 11.3, 10.7, 5.5, 1.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1.8, 7.6 ], "hdd65": [ 1233.5, 1014.9, 808.1, 468.2, 198.0, 31.4, 1.8, 4.1, 77.2, 354.8, 712.9, 1069.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 7.7, 60.0, 199.3, 325.6, 276.8, 116.1, 15.4, 0.4, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 51.2, "jan_mean_f": 25.2, "jul_mean_f": 75.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 37.86, "snow_in": 38.4, "hdd65": 5974, "cdd65": 1003, "cdd50": 3203, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 10.7, "map_mm": 962, "thot_c": 24.1, "tcold_c": -3.8, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 50, "pthreshold_mm": 354.1, "summer_share": 0.62 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 37.9, "dry_limit_in": 14.0, "tcold_f": 25.2, "thot_f": 75.4, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3203, "hdd65": 5974 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Cook", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5974", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 38 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Cook County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Extreme cold, Freeze-thaw and ice, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Illinois, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5974, CDD65 1003); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 605.6, 265.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "IL", "nws_station": "KORD", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "IN": { "usps": "IN", "name": "Indiana", "fips": "18", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00093819", "name": "INDIANAPOLIS, IN US", "lat": 39.7075, "lon": -86.2803, "elev_m": 240.8, "nws_station": "KIND", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 28.5, 32.5, 42.4, 53.6, 63.6, 72.5, 75.8, 74.7, 67.8, 55.5, 43.3, 33.3 ], "tmax": [ 36.1, 40.8, 51.9, 63.9, 73.4, 82.0, 85.2, 84.3, 78.2, 65.6, 51.8, 40.4 ], "tmin": [ 20.9, 24.2, 33.0, 43.3, 53.7, 62.9, 66.4, 65.0, 57.4, 45.5, 34.9, 26.2 ], "prcp": [ 3.12, 2.43, 3.69, 4.34, 4.75, 4.95, 4.42, 3.2, 3.14, 3.22, 3.45, 2.92 ], "snow": [ 8.8, 6.0, 3.2, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.8, 6.4 ], "hdd65": [ 1131.3, 909.9, 701.6, 355.4, 130.7, 13.6, 1.0, 2.1, 58.3, 313.6, 650.0, 982.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 2.6, 13.3, 85.8, 237.0, 335.7, 301.2, 142.2, 20.7, 0.5, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 53.6, "jan_mean_f": 28.5, "jul_mean_f": 75.8, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 43.63, "snow_in": 25.5, "hdd65": 5250, "cdd65": 1139, "cdd50": 3566, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 12.0, "map_mm": 1108, "thot_c": 24.3, "tcold_c": -1.9, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 62, "pthreshold_mm": 380.3, "summer_share": 0.57 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 43.6, "dry_limit_in": 15.0, "tcold_f": 28.5, "thot_f": 75.8, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3566, "hdd65": 5250 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Marion", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 5250 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 26 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Marion County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Extreme cold", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Indiana, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5250, CDD65 1139); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 655.1, 264.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "IN", "nws_station": "KIND", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "IA": { "usps": "IA", "name": "Iowa", "fips": "19", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014933", "name": "DES MOINES INTL AP, IA US", "lat": 41.5339, "lon": -93.6531, "elev_m": 291.7, "nws_station": "KDSM", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 22.3, 26.9, 39.4, 51.3, 62.4, 72.2, 76.0, 73.9, 66.2, 53.2, 39.3, 27.7 ], "tmax": [ 30.9, 35.7, 49.2, 62.0, 72.4, 81.9, 85.6, 83.6, 76.9, 63.4, 48.3, 35.9 ], "tmin": [ 13.8, 18.0, 29.6, 40.6, 52.3, 62.4, 66.4, 64.2, 55.4, 42.9, 30.2, 19.5 ], "prcp": [ 1.08, 1.34, 2.17, 4.02, 5.24, 5.26, 3.82, 4.17, 3.18, 2.78, 1.91, 1.58 ], "snow": [ 9.4, 10.2, 4.4, 1.2, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 2.7, 7.9 ], "hdd65": [ 1321.9, 1068.0, 795.6, 420.9, 153.3, 15.2, 0.8, 4.2, 85.9, 383.2, 772.7, 1156.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 1.9, 9.9, 71.1, 229.5, 341.7, 280.0, 120.2, 15.8, 0.2, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 50.9, "jan_mean_f": 22.3, "jul_mean_f": 76.0, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 36.55, "snow_in": 36.5, "hdd65": 6178, "cdd65": 1070, "cdd50": 3356, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 10.5, "map_mm": 928, "thot_c": 24.4, "tcold_c": -5.4, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 27, "pthreshold_mm": 490.0, "summer_share": 0.7 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 36.5, "dry_limit_in": 13.8, "tcold_f": 22.3, "thot_f": 76.0, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3356, "hdd65": 6178 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Polk", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "derecho", "label": "Derecho" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6178", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 36 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Polk County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Extreme cold, Derecho, Freeze-thaw and ice", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Iowa, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6178, CDD65 1070); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 531.6, 223.5 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "IA", "nws_station": "KDSM", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "KS": { "usps": "KS", "name": "Kansas", "fips": "20", "region": "plains", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00003928", "name": "WICHITA, KS US", "lat": 37.6544, "lon": -97.4425, "elev_m": 406.9, "nws_station": "KICT", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 33.2, 37.6, 47.4, 56.5, 66.7, 76.9, 81.5, 79.9, 71.7, 59.0, 45.8, 35.6 ], "tmax": [ 43.9, 48.9, 59.1, 68.3, 77.5, 87.9, 92.6, 91.0, 83.3, 70.8, 57.0, 45.8 ], "tmin": [ 22.5, 26.3, 35.7, 44.8, 55.9, 65.9, 70.4, 68.8, 60.1, 47.2, 34.7, 25.4 ], "prcp": [ 0.85, 1.2, 2.3, 3.1, 5.17, 4.93, 3.98, 4.3, 3.05, 2.85, 1.36, 1.22 ], "snow": [ 2.7, 3.6, 2.1, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 0.8, 3.1 ], "hdd65": [ 985.6, 767.2, 549.8, 276.8, 79.4, 3.6, 0.1, 0.3, 32.0, 231.2, 576.4, 911.2 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.1, 4.1, 23.3, 132.1, 360.4, 511.5, 462.1, 232.9, 45.2, 1.9, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 57.7, "jan_mean_f": 33.2, "jul_mean_f": 81.5, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 34.31, "snow_in": 12.7, "hdd65": 4414, "cdd65": 1774, "cdd50": 4529, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 14.2, "map_mm": 871, "thot_c": 27.5, "tcold_c": 0.7, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 22, "pthreshold_mm": 565.0, "summer_share": 0.71 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 34.3, "dry_limit_in": 16.8, "tcold_f": 33.2, "thot_f": 81.5, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4529, "hdd65": 4414 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Sedgwick", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4414 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 13 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Sedgwick County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Tornado, Hail, Drought, Extreme heat, Freeze-thaw and ice", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Kansas, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4414, CDD65 1774); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 449.2, 304.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "KS", "nws_station": "KICT", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "KY": { "usps": "KY", "name": "Kentucky", "fips": "21", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00093821", "name": "LOUISVILLE INTL AP, KY US", "lat": 38.1811, "lon": -85.7392, "elev_m": 148.7, "nws_station": "KSDF", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 35.7, 39.5, 48.4, 59.0, 68.3, 76.4, 79.9, 78.9, 72.0, 60.3, 48.5, 39.6 ], "tmax": [ 43.6, 48.3, 58.1, 69.6, 77.8, 85.7, 89.0, 88.4, 82.2, 70.5, 57.6, 47.2 ], "tmin": [ 27.8, 30.7, 38.6, 48.5, 58.7, 67.2, 70.8, 69.5, 61.9, 50.1, 39.4, 32.1 ], "prcp": [ 3.39, 3.41, 4.6, 4.8, 5.18, 4.27, 4.05, 3.71, 3.66, 3.72, 3.42, 4.13 ], "snow": [ 4.5, 4.1, 2.1, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 2.2 ], "hdd65": [ 908.3, 714.6, 524.2, 222.2, 58.8, 2.8, 0.1, 0.2, 21.5, 197.6, 499.0, 786.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.1, 0.6, 8.0, 43.7, 159.5, 346.3, 461.9, 432.6, 233.0, 51.9, 4.0, 0.5 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 58.9, "jan_mean_f": 35.7, "jul_mean_f": 79.9, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 48.34, "snow_in": 13.4, "hdd65": 3936, "cdd65": 1742, "cdd50": 4579, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 14.9, "map_mm": 1228, "thot_c": 26.6, "tcold_c": 2.1, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 86, "pthreshold_mm": 438.6, "summer_share": 0.53 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 48.3, "dry_limit_in": 17.3, "tcold_f": 35.7, "thot_f": 79.9, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4579, "hdd65": 3936 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Jefferson", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "seismic-nmsz", "label": "New Madrid seismic zone" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 3936 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 13 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Jefferson County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Ice storm, New Madrid seismic zone", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Kentucky, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3936, CDD65 1742); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 677.6, 315.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "KY", "nws_station": "KSDF", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "LA": { "usps": "LA", "name": "Louisiana", "fips": "22", "region": "south-central", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00012916", "name": "NEW ORLEANS INTL AP, LA US", "lat": 29.9933, "lon": -90.2511, "elev_m": 1.2, "nws_station": "KMSY", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 54.3, 58.0, 63.8, 70.1, 77.1, 82.4, 83.9, 84.0, 80.8, 72.5, 62.4, 56.6 ], "tmax": [ 62.5, 66.4, 72.3, 78.5, 85.3, 90.0, 91.4, 91.3, 88.1, 80.6, 71.2, 64.8 ], "tmin": [ 46.1, 49.7, 55.3, 61.7, 69.0, 74.7, 76.5, 76.6, 73.5, 64.3, 53.7, 48.4 ], "prcp": [ 5.18, 4.13, 4.36, 5.22, 5.64, 7.62, 6.79, 6.91, 5.11, 3.7, 3.87, 4.82 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "hdd65": [ 349.5, 226.4, 118.5, 26.6, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 20.6, 143.0, 290.5 ], "cdd65": [ 17.9, 31.9, 81.3, 179.7, 377.6, 520.4, 587.4, 587.4, 474.0, 251.5, 66.5, 30.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 70.5, "jan_mean_f": 54.3, "jul_mean_f": 83.9, "warmest_month": "Aug", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 63.35, "snow_in": 0.0, "hdd65": 1176, "cdd65": 3206, "cdd50": 7539, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Oct" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 21.4, "map_mm": 1609, "thot_c": 28.9, "tcold_c": 12.4, "tmon10": 12, "pdry_mm": 94, "pthreshold_mm": 567.7, "summer_share": 0.59 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 2, "moisture": "A", "label": "2A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 63.4, "dry_limit_in": 22.4, "tcold_f": 54.3, "thot_f": 84.0, "months_over_50f": 12, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 7539, "hdd65": 1176 }, "adopted": { "zone": "2A", "county": "Jefferson Parish", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "storm-surge", "label": "Storm surge" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "subsidence", "label": "Subsidence" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Dogtrot", "climate_fit": "open central breezeway cools two flanking rooms before mechanical air conditioning" }, { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide with aligned doors for cross-ventilation in humid heat" }, { "name": "Texas German stone farmhouse", "climate_fit": "thick limestone walls buffer the Hill Country's hot days and cool nights" }, { "name": "Acadian cottage", "climate_fit": "raised floor and broad porch handle Louisiana humidity and standing water" }, { "name": "Raised Gulf cottage", "climate_fit": "pier foundation lifts the living floor above storm surge and flood" }, { "name": "Hill Country modern", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and stone massing manage sun and flash-flood-prone sites" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant", "moisture": "dominant (Gulf humidity)", "snow_load": "minor (occasional damaging ice events)", "wind": "dominant (hurricane and tornado exposure)", "seismic": "minor", "wildfire": "secondary, concentrated in western Texas during drought", "flood": "dominant (hurricane storm surge and Hill Country flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 2: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 63 in, snow 0.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 2", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-13 or R-0+10ci; floor R-13; slab R-0; basement wall R-0", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 2A (Jefferson Parish County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Hurricane wind, Storm surge, Riverine / urban flood, Subsidence, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Louisiana, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 1176, CDD65 3206); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 567.4, 470.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "LA", "nws_station": "KMSY", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "ME": { "usps": "ME", "name": "Maine", "fips": "23", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014764", "name": "PORTLAND INTL JETPORT, ME US", "lat": 43.6497, "lon": -70.3003, "elev_m": 13.7, "nws_station": "KPWM", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 24.0, 26.2, 34.1, 44.6, 54.9, 64.3, 70.4, 69.2, 61.6, 50.3, 40.0, 30.3 ], "tmax": [ 32.4, 35.0, 42.3, 53.8, 64.2, 73.6, 79.5, 78.7, 71.1, 59.5, 48.4, 38.3 ], "tmin": [ 15.6, 17.3, 26.0, 35.4, 45.5, 55.0, 61.2, 59.7, 52.1, 41.0, 31.7, 22.4 ], "prcp": [ 3.5, 3.54, 4.08, 4.41, 3.67, 4.15, 3.43, 3.57, 3.77, 5.25, 4.25, 4.5 ], "snow": [ 18.6, 16.6, 13.6, 2.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 2.3, 14.6 ], "hdd65": [ 1270.9, 1087.8, 956.4, 612.6, 324.8, 88.8, 10.2, 16.4, 145.4, 459.2, 748.5, 1074.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.6, 10.1, 67.8, 176.0, 146.5, 43.4, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 47.5, "jan_mean_f": 24.0, "jul_mean_f": 70.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 48.12, "snow_in": 68.7, "hdd65": 6795, "cdd65": 447, "cdd50": 2301, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Oct", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfb", "name": "Warm-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.6, "map_mm": 1222, "thot_c": 21.3, "tcold_c": -4.4, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 87, "pthreshold_mm": 312.1, "summer_share": 0.48 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 48.1, "dry_limit_in": 12.3, "tcold_f": 24.0, "thot_f": 70.4, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2301, "hdd65": 6795 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6A", "county": "Cumberland", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 5A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 6A to Cumberland County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6795", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "steep, 8:12 or more, with snow retention", "because": "annual snowfall normal 69 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6A (Cumberland County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Nor'easter, Snow load, Extreme cold, Freeze-thaw and ice, Coastal flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Maine, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6795, CDD65 447); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfb normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 904.9, 91.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "ME", "nws_station": "KPWM", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MD": { "usps": "MD", "name": "Maryland", "fips": "24", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00093721", "name": "BALTIMORE WASH INTL AP, MD US", "lat": 39.1667, "lon": -76.6833, "elev_m": 47.5, "nws_station": "KBWI", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 34.3, 36.6, 44.3, 55.0, 64.4, 73.5, 78.3, 76.2, 69.2, 57.4, 46.9, 38.6 ], "tmax": [ 43.2, 46.4, 54.8, 66.5, 75.5, 84.4, 88.8, 86.5, 79.7, 68.3, 57.3, 47.5 ], "tmin": [ 25.4, 26.9, 33.9, 43.6, 53.3, 62.6, 67.7, 65.8, 58.8, 46.5, 36.5, 29.6 ], "prcp": [ 3.08, 2.9, 4.01, 3.39, 3.85, 3.98, 4.48, 4.09, 4.44, 3.94, 3.13, 3.71 ], "snow": [ 6.4, 7.5, 2.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 2.5 ], "hdd65": [ 951.4, 793.6, 641.9, 317.6, 108.8, 11.2, 0.0, 0.5, 35.7, 259.7, 543.9, 819.9 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 1.8, 19.0, 90.2, 266.0, 410.6, 346.0, 163.0, 24.1, 0.9, 0.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 56.2, "jan_mean_f": 34.3, "jul_mean_f": 78.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 45.0, "snow_in": 19.3, "hdd65": 4484, "cdd65": 1322, "cdd50": 3948, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.5, "map_mm": 1143, "thot_c": 25.7, "tcold_c": 1.3, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 74, "pthreshold_mm": 409.2, "summer_share": 0.54 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 45.0, "dry_limit_in": 16.2, "tcold_f": 34.3, "thot_f": 78.3, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3948, "hdd65": 4484 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Anne Arundel", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4484 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 19 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Anne Arundel County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Coastal flood, Tropical remnants, Freeze-thaw and ice, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Maryland, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4484, CDD65 1322); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 818.8, 259.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MD", "nws_station": "KBWI", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MA": { "usps": "MA", "name": "Massachusetts", "fips": "25", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014739", "name": "BOSTON LOGAN INTL AP, MA US", "lat": 42.3606, "lon": -71.0106, "elev_m": 3.7, "nws_station": "KBOS", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 29.9, 31.8, 38.3, 48.6, 58.4, 68.0, 74.1, 72.7, 65.6, 54.8, 44.7, 35.7 ], "tmax": [ 36.8, 39.0, 45.5, 56.4, 66.5, 76.2, 82.1, 80.4, 73.1, 62.1, 51.6, 42.2 ], "tmin": [ 23.1, 24.6, 31.1, 40.8, 50.3, 59.7, 66.0, 65.1, 58.2, 47.5, 37.9, 29.2 ], "prcp": [ 3.39, 3.21, 4.17, 3.63, 3.25, 3.89, 3.27, 3.23, 3.56, 4.03, 3.66, 4.3 ], "snow": [ 14.3, 14.4, 9.0, 1.6, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 0.7, 9.0 ], "hdd65": [ 1086.4, 929.6, 828.2, 496.1, 233.9, 49.8, 4.0, 4.8, 71.3, 325.5, 607.8, 908.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 4.1, 29.3, 138.2, 284.4, 245.0, 90.7, 9.3, 0.3, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 51.9, "jan_mean_f": 29.9, "jul_mean_f": 74.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 43.59, "snow_in": 49.2, "hdd65": 5545, "cdd65": 802, "cdd50": 2944, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Dec", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 11.0, "map_mm": 1107, "thot_c": 23.4, "tcold_c": -1.2, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 82, "pthreshold_mm": 360.9, "summer_share": 0.48 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 43.6, "dry_limit_in": 14.2, "tcold_f": 29.9, "thot_f": 74.1, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2944, "hdd65": 5545 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Suffolk", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5545", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 49 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Suffolk County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Nor'easter, Coastal flood, Snow load, Freeze-thaw and ice", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Massachusetts, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5545, CDD65 802); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 883.7, 169.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MA", "nws_station": "KBOS", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MI": { "usps": "MI", "name": "Michigan", "fips": "26", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00094847", "name": "DETROIT METRO AP, MI US", "lat": 42.2314, "lon": -83.3308, "elev_m": 192.3, "nws_station": "KDTW", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 25.8, 28.0, 37.2, 48.9, 60.3, 69.9, 74.1, 72.3, 64.9, 53.0, 41.2, 31.3 ], "tmax": [ 32.3, 35.2, 45.9, 58.7, 70.3, 79.7, 83.7, 81.4, 74.4, 62.0, 48.6, 37.2 ], "tmin": [ 19.2, 20.8, 28.6, 39.1, 50.2, 60.2, 64.4, 63.2, 55.5, 44.0, 33.9, 25.3 ], "prcp": [ 2.23, 2.08, 2.43, 3.26, 3.72, 3.26, 3.51, 3.26, 3.22, 2.53, 2.57, 2.25 ], "snow": [ 14.0, 12.5, 6.2, 1.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.9, 8.9 ], "hdd65": [ 1216.5, 1035.9, 860.9, 487.5, 197.7, 28.1, 2.4, 6.6, 91.4, 381.6, 712.5, 1046.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 4.5, 50.4, 176.5, 282.8, 232.8, 89.7, 9.6, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 50.6, "jan_mean_f": 25.8, "jul_mean_f": 74.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 34.32, "snow_in": 45.0, "hdd65": 6067, "cdd65": 847, "cdd50": 3020, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 10.3, "map_mm": 872, "thot_c": 23.4, "tcold_c": -3.4, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 53, "pthreshold_mm": 346.4, "summer_share": 0.59 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 34.3, "dry_limit_in": 13.7, "tcold_f": 25.8, "thot_f": 74.1, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3020, "hdd65": 6067 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Wayne", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "lake-effect-snow", "label": "Lake-effect snow" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6067", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 45 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Wayne County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Lake-effect snow, Extreme cold, Freeze-thaw and ice, Riverine / urban flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Michigan, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6067, CDD65 847); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 659.2, 164.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MI", "nws_station": "KDTW", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MN": { "usps": "MN", "name": "Minnesota", "fips": "27", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014922", "name": "MINNEAPOLIS/ST PAUL AP, MN US", "lat": 44.8831, "lon": -93.2289, "elev_m": 265.8, "nws_station": "KMSP", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 16.2, 20.6, 33.3, 47.1, 59.5, 69.7, 74.3, 71.8, 63.5, 49.5, 34.8, 22.0 ], "tmax": [ 23.6, 28.5, 41.7, 56.6, 69.2, 79.0, 83.4, 80.7, 72.9, 58.1, 41.9, 28.8 ], "tmin": [ 8.8, 12.7, 24.9, 37.5, 49.9, 60.4, 65.3, 62.8, 54.2, 40.9, 27.7, 15.2 ], "prcp": [ 0.89, 0.87, 1.68, 2.91, 3.91, 4.58, 4.06, 4.34, 3.02, 2.58, 1.61, 1.17 ], "snow": [ 11.0, 9.5, 8.2, 3.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.8, 6.8, 11.4 ], "hdd65": [ 1512.6, 1243.1, 983.2, 542.2, 213.9, 34.4, 4.3, 10.3, 127.6, 488.6, 906.0, 1332.9 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.4, 3.7, 44.9, 175.3, 294.0, 219.5, 84.0, 8.1, 0.1, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 46.9, "jan_mean_f": 16.2, "jul_mean_f": 74.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 31.62, "snow_in": 51.2, "hdd65": 7399, "cdd65": 830, "cdd50": 2851, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.3, "map_mm": 803, "thot_c": 23.5, "tcold_c": -8.8, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 22, "pthreshold_mm": 445.1, "summer_share": 0.72 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 6, "moisture": "A", "label": "6A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 31.6, "dry_limit_in": 12.0, "tcold_f": 16.2, "thot_f": 74.3, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2851, "hdd65": 7399 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6A", "county": "Hennepin", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 6: HDD65 7399", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 51 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 6: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 6", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6A (Hennepin County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Extreme cold, Snow load, Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Minnesota, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 7399, CDD65 830); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 516.6, 129.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MN", "nws_station": "KMSP", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MS": { "usps": "MS", "name": "Mississippi", "fips": "28", "region": "south-central", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00003940", "name": "JACKSON INTL AP, MS US", "lat": 32.3197, "lon": -90.0778, "elev_m": 90.2, "nws_station": "KJAN", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 47.0, 50.9, 57.9, 64.9, 72.9, 79.6, 82.1, 81.8, 76.9, 66.2, 55.4, 49.1 ], "tmax": [ 57.4, 62.0, 69.4, 76.5, 83.8, 89.9, 92.1, 92.2, 87.8, 78.3, 67.2, 59.6 ], "tmin": [ 36.6, 39.8, 46.4, 53.3, 62.1, 69.4, 72.2, 71.5, 66.0, 54.2, 43.6, 38.7 ], "prcp": [ 5.42, 5.1, 5.68, 5.84, 4.36, 4.43, 5.02, 4.69, 3.48, 3.8, 4.4, 5.13 ], "snow": [ 0.2, 0.2, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5 ], "hdd65": [ 562.3, 403.7, 252.7, 94.1, 11.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.9, 86.7, 307.6, 500.0 ], "cdd65": [ 4.5, 9.0, 32.6, 91.2, 258.1, 439.4, 531.6, 522.2, 359.8, 125.5, 19.8, 8.7 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 65.4, "jan_mean_f": 47.0, "jul_mean_f": 82.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 57.35, "snow_in": 1.0, "hdd65": 2222, "cdd65": 2402, "cdd50": 6076, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Apr", "driest_month": "Sep" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 18.6, "map_mm": 1457, "thot_c": 27.8, "tcold_c": 8.3, "tmon10": 10, "pdry_mm": 88, "pthreshold_mm": 511.0, "summer_share": 0.49 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 57.4, "dry_limit_in": 20.2, "tcold_f": 47.0, "thot_f": 82.1, "months_over_50f": 10, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 6076, "hdd65": 2222 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Hinds/Rankin", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Dogtrot", "climate_fit": "open central breezeway cools two flanking rooms before mechanical air conditioning" }, { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide with aligned doors for cross-ventilation in humid heat" }, { "name": "Texas German stone farmhouse", "climate_fit": "thick limestone walls buffer the Hill Country's hot days and cool nights" }, { "name": "Acadian cottage", "climate_fit": "raised floor and broad porch handle Louisiana humidity and standing water" }, { "name": "Raised Gulf cottage", "climate_fit": "pier foundation lifts the living floor above storm surge and flood" }, { "name": "Hill Country modern", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and stone massing manage sun and flash-flood-prone sites" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant", "moisture": "dominant (Gulf humidity)", "snow_load": "minor (occasional damaging ice events)", "wind": "dominant (hurricane and tornado exposure)", "seismic": "minor", "wildfire": "secondary, concentrated in western Texas during drought", "flood": "dominant (hurricane storm surge and Hill Country flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 2222 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 57 in, snow 1.0 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Hinds/Rankin County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Hurricane wind, Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Mississippi, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 2222, CDD65 2402); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 608.6, 430.5 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MS", "nws_station": "KJAN", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MO": { "usps": "MO", "name": "Missouri", "fips": "29", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013994", "name": "ST LOUIS LAMBERT INTL AP, MO US", "lat": 38.7525, "lon": -90.3736, "elev_m": 161.8, "nws_station": "KSTL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 32.1, 36.7, 46.6, 57.5, 67.5, 76.5, 80.4, 78.8, 71.0, 59.1, 46.5, 36.5 ], "tmax": [ 40.4, 45.8, 56.6, 68.0, 77.1, 85.9, 89.6, 88.3, 81.1, 69.2, 55.5, 44.5 ], "tmin": [ 23.8, 27.6, 36.7, 47.0, 57.9, 67.2, 71.1, 69.3, 60.9, 49.1, 37.4, 28.5 ], "prcp": [ 2.59, 2.23, 3.5, 4.73, 4.82, 4.49, 3.93, 3.38, 2.96, 3.15, 3.42, 2.5 ], "snow": [ 5.7, 4.3, 2.3, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.9, 3.2 ], "hdd65": [ 1019.6, 792.9, 576.1, 262.0, 72.1, 4.4, 0.0, 0.6, 32.4, 229.4, 559.8, 883.5 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.6, 7.3, 37.0, 149.6, 350.8, 475.8, 428.3, 212.3, 48.0, 3.4, 0.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 57.4, "jan_mean_f": 32.1, "jul_mean_f": 80.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 41.7, "snow_in": 16.6, "hdd65": 4433, "cdd65": 1713, "cdd50": 4420, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 14.1, "map_mm": 1059, "thot_c": 26.9, "tcold_c": 0.1, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 57, "pthreshold_mm": 422.6, "summer_share": 0.58 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 41.7, "dry_limit_in": 16.7, "tcold_f": 32.1, "thot_f": 80.4, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4420, "hdd65": 4433 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "St. Louis County", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "seismic-nmsz", "label": "New Madrid seismic zone" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4433 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 17 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (St. Louis County County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Ice storm, New Madrid seismic zone, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Missouri, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4433, CDD65 1713); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 551.8, 306.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MO", "nws_station": "KSTL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "MT": { "usps": "MT", "name": "Montana", "fips": "30", "region": "mountain", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024033", "name": "BILLINGS LOGAN INTL AP, MT US", "lat": 45.8069, "lon": -108.5422, "elev_m": 1091.5, "nws_station": "KBIL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 27.0, 29.4, 38.0, 45.8, 55.3, 64.7, 73.3, 71.6, 61.4, 47.9, 36.2, 27.6 ], "tmax": [ 36.0, 39.2, 49.0, 56.9, 66.9, 77.0, 87.3, 85.8, 74.3, 58.8, 45.7, 36.1 ], "tmin": [ 17.9, 19.7, 26.9, 34.7, 43.8, 52.4, 59.3, 57.5, 48.6, 37.1, 26.7, 19.2 ], "prcp": [ 0.55, 0.57, 0.9, 1.72, 2.36, 2.22, 1.22, 0.87, 1.36, 1.37, 0.6, 0.57 ], "snow": [ 10.6, 9.1, 8.2, 7.5, 0.9, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 4.5, 6.5, 9.8 ], "hdd65": [ 1179.6, 995.3, 838.6, 576.7, 313.5, 89.7, 12.0, 24.5, 168.4, 533.8, 864.0, 1157.7 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.8, 14.3, 80.7, 269.1, 230.5, 61.8, 5.3, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 48.2, "jan_mean_f": 27.0, "jul_mean_f": 73.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 14.31, "snow_in": 57.4, "hdd65": 6754, "cdd65": 663, "cdd50": 2519, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 9.0, "map_mm": 363, "thot_c": 22.9, "tcold_c": -2.8, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 14, "pthreshold_mm": 319.8, "summer_share": 0.68 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 14.3, "dry_limit_in": 12.6, "tcold_f": 27.0, "thot_f": 73.3, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2519, "hdd65": 6754 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6B", "county": "Yellowstone", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 5A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 6B to Yellowstone County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ski chalet", "climate_fit": "steep gable roof and deep eaves shed heavy mountain snowfall" }, { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log walls hold heat through long, cold winters" }, { "name": "Mining-town Victorian", "climate_fit": "narrow lots and steep metal roofs from 19th-century boomtowns built for snow load" }, { "name": "Mountain modern", "climate_fit": "large glazing and simple massing chase views while metal roofs shed snow" }, { "name": "Valley ranch", "climate_fit": "low, single-story postwar stock in the drier basin towns where snow load is lighter" }, { "name": "Earth-sheltered / passive solar", "climate_fit": "Rocky Mountain berm-and-solar tradition that banks on the region's intense high-elevation sun" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "dominant", "wind": "secondary (exposed ridgelines, canyon winds)", "seismic": "secondary, concentrated on the Wasatch Front (UT)", "wildfire": "dominant", "flood": "secondary (snowmelt and canyon flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6754", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 57 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6B (Yellowstone County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Extreme cold, Snow load, Wildfire, High wind, Drought", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Montana, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6754, CDD65 663); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 282.5, 97.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "MT", "nws_station": "KBIL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00024143", "name": "GREAT FALLS INTL AP, MT US", "lat": 47.4733, "lon": -111.3822, "annual": { "tavg_f": 44.6, "jan_mean_f": 25.2, "jul_mean_f": 67.9, "precip_in": 14.8, "snow_in": 66.1, "hdd65": 7722, "cdd50": 1871 }, "koppen": "BSk", "iecc_zone": 6 } ] }, "NE": { "usps": "NE", "name": "Nebraska", "fips": "31", "region": "plains", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014942", "name": "OMAHA EPPLEY AIRFIELD, NE US", "lat": 41.3103, "lon": -95.8992, "elev_m": 299.3, "nws_station": "KOMA", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 24.4, 28.9, 41.0, 52.6, 63.6, 73.9, 78.1, 75.7, 67.6, 54.4, 40.2, 28.7 ], "tmax": [ 33.6, 38.6, 52.1, 64.1, 74.6, 84.4, 88.1, 85.8, 79.1, 65.5, 50.3, 37.7 ], "tmin": [ 15.2, 19.3, 30.0, 41.1, 52.7, 63.4, 68.0, 65.6, 56.1, 43.2, 30.2, 19.8 ], "prcp": [ 0.75, 0.95, 1.79, 3.17, 4.66, 4.44, 3.55, 4.6, 2.96, 2.32, 1.45, 1.22 ], "snow": [ 7.2, 7.8, 3.0, 1.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.7, 5.8 ], "hdd65": [ 1258.4, 1009.3, 744.8, 386.2, 132.2, 10.8, 0.5, 3.2, 70.5, 350.9, 742.8, 1123.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 2.3, 14.1, 90.3, 277.6, 405.0, 334.8, 148.4, 20.7, 0.3, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 52.4, "jan_mean_f": 24.4, "jul_mean_f": 78.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 31.86, "snow_in": 27.1, "hdd65": 5833, "cdd65": 1294, "cdd50": 3681, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 11.3, "map_mm": 809, "thot_c": 25.6, "tcold_c": -4.2, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 19, "pthreshold_mm": 506.9, "summer_share": 0.73 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 31.9, "dry_limit_in": 14.5, "tcold_f": 24.4, "thot_f": 78.1, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3681, "hdd65": 5833 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Douglas", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5833", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 27 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Douglas County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule", "because": "Tornado, Hail, Extreme cold, Drought, Riverine / urban flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Nebraska, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5833, CDD65 1294); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 427.4, 234.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NE", "nws_station": "KOMA", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "NV": { "usps": "NV", "name": "Nevada", "fips": "32", "region": "southwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00023169", "name": "LAS VEGAS MCCARRAN AP, NV US", "lat": 36.0719, "lon": -115.1633, "elev_m": 649.5, "nws_station": "KLAS", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 49.5, 53.5, 60.8, 67.7, 77.3, 87.6, 93.2, 91.7, 83.6, 70.4, 57.2, 48.2 ], "tmax": [ 58.5, 62.9, 71.1, 78.5, 88.5, 99.4, 104.5, 102.8, 94.9, 81.2, 67.1, 56.9 ], "tmin": [ 40.5, 44.1, 50.5, 56.9, 66.1, 75.8, 82.0, 80.6, 72.4, 59.6, 47.3, 39.6 ], "prcp": [ 0.56, 0.8, 0.42, 0.2, 0.07, 0.04, 0.38, 0.32, 0.32, 0.32, 0.3, 0.45 ], "snow": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2 ], "hdd65": [ 480.5, 323.3, 166.2, 54.8, 8.2, 0.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 32.5, 250.0, 519.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 1.3, 36.0, 135.8, 389.5, 678.6, 875.6, 827.6, 559.7, 199.9, 16.0, 0.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 70.1, "jan_mean_f": 49.5, "jul_mean_f": 93.2, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 4.18, "snow_in": 0.2, "hdd65": 1836, "cdd65": 3720, "cdd50": 7625, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Feb", "driest_month": "Jun" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BWh", "name": "Hot desert", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 21.1, "map_mm": 106, "thot_c": 34.0, "tcold_c": 9.0, "tmon10": 10, "pdry_mm": 1, "pthreshold_mm": 562.9, "summer_share": 0.32 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 2, "moisture": "B", "label": "2B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 4.2, "dry_limit_in": 22.2, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 7625, "hdd65": 1836 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3B", "county": "Clark", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 2B from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 3B to Clark County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Pueblo Revival / adobe", "climate_fit": "thermal mass evens the high-desert day-night swing; flat roofs fit dry, snow-free winters" }, { "name": "Territorial", "climate_fit": "adobe massing with Anglo trim and brick coping" }, { "name": "Mission / Spanish Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and clay tile for sun; courtyards make shade" }, { "name": "California ranch", "climate_fit": "single-story indoor-outdoor living the mild coast permits" }, { "name": "Desert modernism", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and oriented glass for shade with views" }, { "name": "Contemporary desert", "climate_fit": "low-pitch tile roofs, stucco, shade-first site planning" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 2: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "low-slope or flat acceptable with positive drainage and parapet scuppers", "because": "precip 4 in, snow 0.2 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "slab-on-grade with capillary break, termite shield and edge moisture detailing", "because": "IECC zone 2, no flood flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3B (Clark County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Extreme heat, Drought, Earthquake, Wildfire, Flash flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Nevada, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 1836, CDD65 3720); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BWh normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 140, 247.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NV", "nws_station": "KLAS", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "NH": { "usps": "NH", "name": "New Hampshire", "fips": "33", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014745", "name": "CONCORD MUNI AP, NH US", "lat": 43.1953, "lon": -71.5011, "elev_m": 105.5, "nws_station": "KCON", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 22.3, 24.7, 33.4, 45.4, 56.7, 65.8, 71.1, 69.5, 61.4, 49.3, 38.6, 28.3 ], "tmax": [ 31.6, 34.8, 43.6, 57.5, 69.3, 77.8, 83.0, 81.7, 73.7, 60.9, 48.4, 37.1 ], "tmin": [ 12.9, 14.7, 23.3, 33.3, 44.1, 53.7, 59.2, 57.2, 49.0, 37.8, 28.7, 19.5 ], "prcp": [ 2.8, 2.75, 3.28, 3.43, 3.47, 3.77, 3.62, 3.63, 3.63, 4.43, 3.44, 3.7 ], "snow": [ 17.1, 16.9, 13.6, 2.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.8, 2.5, 14.3 ], "hdd65": [ 1325.2, 1127.0, 978.1, 590.2, 277.8, 71.3, 10.4, 21.4, 159.9, 487.7, 793.5, 1137.7 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.2, 20.4, 93.8, 199.5, 159.3, 50.4, 2.6, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 47.2, "jan_mean_f": 22.3, "jul_mean_f": 71.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 41.95, "snow_in": 67.7, "hdd65": 6980, "cdd65": 528, "cdd50": 2478, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Oct", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfb", "name": "Warm-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.4, "map_mm": 1066, "thot_c": 21.7, "tcold_c": -5.4, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 70, "pthreshold_mm": 309.0, "summer_share": 0.51 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 42.0, "dry_limit_in": 12.2, "tcold_f": 22.3, "thot_f": 71.1, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2478, "hdd65": 6980 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Merrimack", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6980", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "steep, 8:12 or more, with snow retention", "because": "annual snowfall normal 68 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Merrimack County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Snow load, Extreme cold, Freeze-thaw and ice, Nor'easter", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in New Hampshire, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6980, CDD65 528); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfb normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 878.9, 137.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NH", "nws_station": "KCON", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "NJ": { "usps": "NJ", "name": "New Jersey", "fips": "34", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014734", "name": "NEWARK INTL AP, NJ US", "lat": 40.6825, "lon": -74.1694, "elev_m": 2.1, "nws_station": "KEWR", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 32.8, 35.1, 42.5, 53.3, 63.3, 72.7, 78.2, 76.4, 69.2, 57.5, 47.0, 38.0 ], "tmax": [ 40.0, 43.0, 50.9, 62.6, 72.6, 81.8, 86.9, 84.7, 77.7, 66.0, 54.9, 44.8 ], "tmin": [ 25.5, 27.2, 34.2, 44.1, 53.9, 63.6, 69.4, 68.0, 60.7, 49.0, 39.0, 31.2 ], "prcp": [ 3.42, 2.98, 4.13, 3.87, 3.97, 4.34, 4.66, 4.15, 3.82, 3.79, 3.33, 4.14 ], "snow": [ 9.1, 10.1, 5.6, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 0.6, 5.4 ], "hdd65": [ 999.6, 837.1, 696.9, 363.1, 123.5, 13.9, 0.1, 0.7, 33.3, 253.3, 542.1, 836.9 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 13.6, 69.3, 244.8, 407.6, 352.5, 159.3, 20.8, 0.7, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 55.5, "jan_mean_f": 32.8, "jul_mean_f": 78.2, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 46.6, "snow_in": 31.5, "hdd65": 4701, "cdd65": 1270, "cdd50": 3776, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.1, "map_mm": 1184, "thot_c": 25.7, "tcold_c": 0.4, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 76, "pthreshold_mm": 401.1, "summer_share": 0.53 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 46.6, "dry_limit_in": 15.8, "tcold_f": 32.8, "thot_f": 78.2, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3776, "hdd65": 4701 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Essex", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4701 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 32 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Essex County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Coastal flood, Nor'easter, Tropical remnants, Heat and humidity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in New Jersey, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4701, CDD65 1270); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 848.3, 226.3 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NJ", "nws_station": "KEWR", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "NM": { "usps": "NM", "name": "New Mexico", "fips": "35", "region": "southwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00023050", "name": "ALBUQUERQUE INTL AP, NM US", "lat": 35.0419, "lon": -106.6156, "elev_m": 1618.5, "nws_station": "KABQ", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 37.4, 41.9, 49.5, 56.8, 66.1, 76.1, 78.9, 76.9, 70.3, 58.4, 45.7, 36.9 ], "tmax": [ 48.4, 54.1, 62.8, 70.3, 79.9, 90.4, 91.2, 88.8, 82.5, 70.6, 57.3, 47.3 ], "tmin": [ 26.4, 29.8, 36.2, 43.2, 52.4, 61.9, 66.5, 64.9, 58.1, 46.1, 34.1, 26.6 ], "prcp": [ 0.36, 0.43, 0.46, 0.51, 0.44, 0.57, 1.64, 1.31, 1.15, 0.87, 0.57, 0.53 ], "snow": [ 1.4, 1.5, 0.7, 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 0.9, 2.8 ], "hdd65": [ 855.6, 645.4, 480.6, 254.9, 69.6, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0, 19.6, 219.5, 579.0, 869.5 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 7.4, 105.3, 336.4, 429.3, 367.3, 178.6, 13.3, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 57.9, "jan_mean_f": 37.4, "jul_mean_f": 78.9, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 8.84, "snow_in": 7.9, "hdd65": 3996, "cdd65": 1438, "cdd50": 4346, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSk", "name": "Cold semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 14.4, "map_mm": 225, "thot_c": 26.1, "tcold_c": 2.7, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 9, "pthreshold_mm": 427.9, "summer_share": 0.64 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "B", "label": "4B", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 8.8, "dry_limit_in": 16.9, "rule": "P < 0.44 x (T - 19.5)", "cdd50": 4346, "hdd65": 3996 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4B", "county": "Bernalillo", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" }, { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Pueblo Revival / adobe", "climate_fit": "thermal mass evens the high-desert day-night swing; flat roofs fit dry, snow-free winters" }, { "name": "Territorial", "climate_fit": "adobe massing with Anglo trim and brick coping" }, { "name": "Mission / Spanish Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and clay tile for sun; courtyards make shade" }, { "name": "California ranch", "climate_fit": "single-story indoor-outdoor living the mild coast permits" }, { "name": "Desert modernism", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and oriented glass for shade with views" }, { "name": "Contemporary desert", "climate_fit": "low-pitch tile roofs, stucco, shade-first site planning" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 3996 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "low-slope or flat acceptable with positive drainage and parapet scuppers", "because": "precip 9 in, snow 7.9 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "vapor-open assemblies; prioritize dust, UV and flash-flood site drainage over vapor control", "because": "moisture regime B (dry)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4B (Bernalillo County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Drought, Wildfire, Flash flood, Extreme heat, High wind", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in New Mexico, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3996, CDD65 1438); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSk normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 305.8, 387 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NM", "nws_station": "KABQ", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "NY": { "usps": "NY", "name": "New York", "fips": "36", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00094728", "name": "NEW YORK CNTRL PK TWR, NY US", "lat": 40.7789, "lon": -73.9692, "elev_m": 39.6, "nws_station": "KNYC", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 33.7, 35.9, 42.8, 53.7, 63.2, 72.0, 77.5, 76.1, 69.2, 57.9, 48.0, 39.1 ], "tmax": [ 39.5, 42.2, 49.9, 61.8, 71.4, 79.7, 84.9, 83.3, 76.2, 64.5, 54.0, 44.3 ], "tmin": [ 27.9, 29.5, 35.8, 45.5, 55.0, 64.4, 70.1, 68.9, 62.3, 51.4, 42.0, 33.8 ], "prcp": [ 3.64, 3.19, 4.29, 4.09, 3.96, 4.54, 4.6, 4.56, 4.31, 4.38, 3.58, 4.38 ], "snow": [ 8.8, 10.1, 5.0, 0.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 4.9 ], "hdd65": [ 970.1, 816.2, 687.8, 354.3, 122.0, 14.7, 0.1, 0.9, 31.9, 240.1, 510.9, 804.4 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 1.2, 13.7, 66.2, 226.2, 387.5, 344.9, 159.3, 21.6, 0.9, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 55.8, "jan_mean_f": 33.7, "jul_mean_f": 77.5, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 49.52, "snow_in": 29.8, "hdd65": 4553, "cdd65": 1222, "cdd50": 3727, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.2, "map_mm": 1258, "thot_c": 25.3, "tcold_c": 0.9, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 81, "pthreshold_mm": 404.0, "summer_share": 0.53 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 49.5, "dry_limit_in": 16.0, "tcold_f": 33.7, "thot_f": 77.5, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3727, "hdd65": 4553 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "New York", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "lake-effect-snow", "label": "Lake-effect snow" }, { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4553 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 30 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (New York County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Lake-effect snow, Nor'easter, Coastal flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Extreme cold", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in New York, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4553, CDD65 1222); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 821.1, 168.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NY", "nws_station": "KNYC", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00014733", "name": "BUFFALO, NY US", "lat": 42.9486, "lon": -78.7369, "annual": { "tavg_f": 48.8, "jan_mean_f": 25.5, "jul_mean_f": 71.7, "precip_in": 40.7, "snow_in": 95.4, "hdd65": 6466, "cdd50": 2597 }, "koppen": "Dfa", "iecc_zone": 5 } ] }, "NC": { "usps": "NC", "name": "North Carolina", "fips": "37", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013881", "name": "CHARLOTTE DOUGLAS AP, NC US", "lat": 35.2236, "lon": -80.9553, "elev_m": 221.9, "nws_station": "KCLT", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 42.1, 45.7, 52.7, 61.1, 69.0, 76.6, 80.1, 78.6, 72.7, 61.9, 51.4, 44.7 ], "tmax": [ 52.3, 56.6, 64.2, 73.2, 80.1, 86.9, 90.3, 88.6, 82.8, 73.3, 62.9, 54.9 ], "tmin": [ 31.8, 34.9, 41.2, 49.1, 58.0, 66.2, 69.9, 68.7, 62.6, 50.4, 39.8, 34.5 ], "prcp": [ 3.49, 3.13, 3.95, 3.84, 3.36, 3.99, 3.74, 4.35, 3.71, 3.16, 3.31, 3.57 ], "snow": [ 1.6, 1.1, 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.4 ], "hdd65": [ 711.6, 540.5, 391.5, 162.6, 39.3, 1.9, 0.1, 0.1, 13.1, 151.5, 415.1, 630.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.2, 1.5, 10.2, 47.1, 164.8, 348.3, 468.1, 423.2, 244.1, 53.9, 5.7, 1.4 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 61.4, "jan_mean_f": 42.1, "jul_mean_f": 80.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 43.6, "snow_in": 3.5, "hdd65": 3058, "cdd65": 1769, "cdd50": 4971, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Aug", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 16.3, "map_mm": 1107, "thot_c": 26.7, "tcold_c": 5.6, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 80, "pthreshold_mm": 466.5, "summer_share": 0.53 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 43.6, "dry_limit_in": 18.4, "tcold_f": 42.1, "thot_f": 80.1, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4971, "hdd65": 3058 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Mecklenburg", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "storm-surge", "label": "Storm surge" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 3058 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 44 in, snow 3.5 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Mecklenburg County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Hurricane wind, Storm surge, Riverine / urban flood, Ice storm, Tornado", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in North Carolina, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3058, CDD65 1769); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 788.7, 344.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "NC", "nws_station": "KCLT", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "ND": { "usps": "ND", "name": "North Dakota", "fips": "38", "region": "plains", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024011", "name": "BISMARCK, ND US", "lat": 46.7708, "lon": -100.7603, "elev_m": 505.4, "nws_station": "KBIS", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 12.8, 17.5, 30.1, 43.2, 55.3, 65.4, 71.3, 69.6, 59.7, 44.8, 29.9, 17.9 ], "tmax": [ 23.2, 27.8, 41.0, 56.0, 68.3, 77.9, 84.7, 83.5, 73.4, 57.1, 40.6, 27.7 ], "tmin": [ 2.4, 7.2, 19.1, 30.4, 42.4, 52.9, 57.9, 55.7, 45.9, 32.6, 19.1, 8.1 ], "prcp": [ 0.48, 0.52, 0.84, 1.34, 2.5, 3.36, 3.07, 2.5, 1.72, 1.43, 0.69, 0.6 ], "snow": [ 8.9, 7.5, 8.5, 4.6, 0.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.5, 8.0, 10.1 ], "hdd65": [ 1618.0, 1329.9, 1083.5, 654.6, 315.8, 76.6, 15.8, 31.4, 204.4, 626.3, 1054.5, 1460.0 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 16.6, 88.5, 211.0, 173.8, 43.8, 1.7, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 43.1, "jan_mean_f": 12.8, "jul_mean_f": 71.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 19.05, "snow_in": 50.5, "hdd65": 8471, "cdd65": 536, "cdd50": 2351, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfb", "name": "Warm-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 6.2, "map_mm": 484, "thot_c": 21.8, "tcold_c": -10.7, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 12, "pthreshold_mm": 403.6, "summer_share": 0.76 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 6, "moisture": "A", "label": "6A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 19.1, "dry_limit_in": 10.4, "tcold_f": 12.8, "thot_f": 71.3, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2351, "hdd65": 8471 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6A", "county": "Burleigh", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 6: HDD65 8471", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 50 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 6: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 6", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6A (Burleigh County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Extreme cold, Riverine / urban flood, High wind, Drought, Snow load", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in North Dakota, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 8471, CDD65 536); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfb normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 422.5, 102.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "ND", "nws_station": "KBIS", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "OH": { "usps": "OH", "name": "Ohio", "fips": "39", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014821", "name": "COLUMBUS PORT COLUMBUS INTL AP, OH US", "lat": 39.9914, "lon": -82.8808, "elev_m": 246.9, "nws_station": "KCMH", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 29.6, 32.5, 41.6, 53.2, 63.3, 71.9, 75.4, 74.0, 67.2, 55.2, 43.6, 34.5 ], "tmax": [ 37.1, 40.8, 51.1, 64.1, 74.1, 82.2, 85.4, 84.1, 77.8, 65.5, 52.3, 41.5 ], "tmin": [ 22.0, 24.2, 32.0, 42.2, 52.4, 61.6, 65.4, 63.9, 56.5, 44.8, 35.0, 27.4 ], "prcp": [ 3.0, 2.41, 3.62, 3.85, 3.99, 4.33, 4.67, 3.74, 3.14, 2.9, 2.79, 3.13 ], "snow": [ 9.5, 7.6, 4.1, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1.2, 5.1 ], "hdd65": [ 1098.6, 910.0, 728.5, 367.4, 138.0, 16.1, 0.5, 2.8, 60.6, 323.1, 640.7, 947.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.1, 1.6, 11.9, 83.7, 222.9, 322.8, 281.7, 125.0, 17.7, 0.3, 0.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 53.5, "jan_mean_f": 29.6, "jul_mean_f": 75.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 41.57, "snow_in": 28.2, "hdd65": 5233, "cdd65": 1068, "cdd50": 3479, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 11.9, "map_mm": 1056, "thot_c": 24.1, "tcold_c": -1.3, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 61, "pthreshold_mm": 378.9, "summer_share": 0.57 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 41.6, "dry_limit_in": 15.0, "tcold_f": 29.6, "thot_f": 75.4, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3479, "hdd65": 5233 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Franklin", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "lake-effect-snow", "label": "Lake-effect snow" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 5233 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 28 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Franklin County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Lake-effect snow", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Ohio, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5233, CDD65 1068); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 712.7, 248.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "OH", "nws_station": "KCMH", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "OK": { "usps": "OK", "name": "Oklahoma", "fips": "40", "region": "plains", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013967", "name": "OKLAHOMA CITY WILL ROGERS AP, OK US", "lat": 35.3889, "lon": -97.6006, "elev_m": 391.7, "nws_station": "KOKC", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 38.2, 42.3, 51.2, 59.3, 68.2, 76.9, 81.7, 80.7, 72.7, 61.1, 49.2, 40.0 ], "tmax": [ 49.3, 53.8, 62.9, 71.1, 78.9, 87.5, 93.1, 92.2, 83.9, 72.8, 60.7, 50.4 ], "tmin": [ 27.0, 30.8, 39.5, 47.5, 57.6, 66.2, 70.3, 69.1, 61.5, 49.4, 37.7, 29.5 ], "prcp": [ 1.32, 1.42, 2.55, 3.6, 5.31, 4.49, 3.59, 3.6, 3.72, 3.32, 1.68, 1.79 ], "snow": [ 1.8, 1.8, 0.8, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.8 ], "hdd65": [ 832.3, 636.6, 437.3, 205.7, 50.2, 1.1, 0.0, 0.2, 20.2, 176.9, 478.3, 776.4 ], "cdd65": [ 0.1, 1.1, 9.4, 34.8, 151.0, 356.5, 517.6, 485.2, 251.2, 56.0, 4.4, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 60.1, "jan_mean_f": 38.2, "jul_mean_f": 81.7, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 36.39, "snow_in": 6.7, "hdd65": 3615, "cdd65": 1867, "cdd50": 4872, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 15.6, "map_mm": 924, "thot_c": 27.6, "tcold_c": 3.4, "tmon10": 8, "pdry_mm": 34, "pthreshold_mm": 452.5, "summer_share": 0.67 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 36.4, "dry_limit_in": 17.9, "tcold_f": 38.2, "thot_f": 81.7, "months_over_50f": 8, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4872, "hdd65": 3615 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Oklahoma", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 4A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 3A to Oklahoma County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "seismic-induced", "label": "Induced seismicity" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 3615 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 36 in, snow 6.7 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Oklahoma County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Tornado, Hail, Ice storm, Extreme heat, Induced seismicity", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Oklahoma, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3615, CDD65 1867); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 463.5, 370 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "OK", "nws_station": "KOKC", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "OR": { "usps": "OR", "name": "Oregon", "fips": "41", "region": "northwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024229", "name": "PORTLAND INTL AP, OR US", "lat": 45.5908, "lon": -122.6003, "elev_m": 5.8, "nws_station": "KPDX", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 41.9, 44.1, 48.3, 52.8, 59.4, 64.2, 70.2, 70.6, 65.4, 55.6, 47.1, 41.6 ], "tmax": [ 47.5, 51.5, 56.8, 62.0, 69.3, 74.3, 81.9, 82.3, 76.7, 64.4, 53.5, 46.9 ], "tmin": [ 36.2, 36.8, 39.7, 43.7, 49.4, 54.1, 58.5, 58.9, 54.1, 46.7, 40.6, 36.2 ], "prcp": [ 5.03, 3.68, 3.97, 2.89, 2.51, 1.63, 0.51, 0.54, 1.52, 3.42, 5.45, 5.77 ], "snow": [ 1.7, 1.2, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.2 ], "hdd65": [ 717.7, 583.8, 519.3, 366.6, 196.0, 80.0, 10.2, 7.4, 60.9, 296.5, 538.5, 726.9 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.1, 20.9, 56.0, 171.3, 181.0, 72.8, 3.6, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 55.1, "jan_mean_f": 41.9, "jul_mean_f": 70.2, "warmest_month": "Aug", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 36.92, "snow_in": 4.2, "hdd65": 4104, "cdd65": 508, "cdd50": 2858, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Dec", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Csb", "name": "Warm-summer Mediterranean", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 12.8, "map_mm": 938, "thot_c": 21.4, "tcold_c": 5.3, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 13, "pthreshold_mm": 256.7, "summer_share": 0.26 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 36.9, "dry_limit_in": 15.7, "tcold_f": 41.6, "thot_f": 70.6, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": true, "note": "meets the marine temperature and rainfall criteria but not the CDD50 cap or zone range for a C subzone", "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2858, "hdd65": 4104 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4C", "county": "Multnomah", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 4A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 4C to Multnomah County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "atmospheric-river", "label": "Atmospheric river" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Craftsman bungalow", "climate_fit": "deep eaves and covered porches shed the long wet season" }, { "name": "Northwest Modern", "climate_fit": "shed roofs, cedar, big glass for soft light and views — needs disciplined rain detailing" }, { "name": "A-frame / mountain cabin", "climate_fit": "steep roof dumps the inland snow load" }, { "name": "Valley farmhouse", "climate_fit": "gabled roof and wrap porch for the wet-mild Willamette pattern" }, { "name": "Inland ranch", "climate_fit": "low-pitch postwar stock where snow loads stay modest" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4104 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 37 in, snow 4.2 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4C (Multnomah County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Atmospheric river, Earthquake, Wildfire, Ice storm, High wind", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Oregon, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4104, CDD65 508); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Csb normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 101.1, 131.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "OR", "nws_station": "KPDX", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "PA": { "usps": "PA", "name": "Pennsylvania", "fips": "42", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013739", "name": "PHILADELPHIA INTL AP, PA US", "lat": 39.8683, "lon": -75.2311, "elev_m": 3.0, "nws_station": "KPHL", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 33.7, 35.9, 43.6, 54.5, 64.3, 73.5, 78.7, 76.8, 69.9, 58.2, 47.4, 38.6 ], "tmax": [ 41.3, 44.3, 52.8, 64.7, 74.4, 83.2, 87.8, 85.8, 78.9, 67.2, 55.9, 46.0 ], "tmin": [ 26.0, 27.5, 34.3, 44.3, 54.2, 63.9, 69.6, 67.9, 60.9, 49.2, 38.8, 31.2 ], "prcp": [ 3.13, 2.75, 3.96, 3.47, 3.34, 4.04, 4.38, 4.29, 4.4, 3.47, 2.91, 3.97 ], "snow": [ 7.1, 8.4, 3.6, 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 3.5 ], "hdd65": [ 971.7, 814.7, 665.6, 329.7, 104.1, 9.9, 0.0, 0.6, 28.4, 236.5, 530.0, 818.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 14.7, 82.4, 266.4, 424.6, 367.8, 175.4, 25.7, 0.6, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 56.3, "jan_mean_f": 33.7, "jul_mean_f": 78.7, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 44.11, "snow_in": 23.1, "hdd65": 4510, "cdd65": 1358, "cdd50": 3960, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Sep", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.5, "map_mm": 1120, "thot_c": 25.9, "tcold_c": 0.9, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 70, "pthreshold_mm": 409.5, "summer_share": 0.54 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 44.1, "dry_limit_in": 16.2, "tcold_f": 33.7, "thot_f": 78.7, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3960, "hdd65": 4510 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Philadelphia", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4510 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 23 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Philadelphia County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Snow load, Nor'easter", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Pennsylvania, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4510, CDD65 1358); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 793.4, 221.9 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "PA", "nws_station": "KPHL", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "RI": { "usps": "RI", "name": "Rhode Island", "fips": "44", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014765", "name": "PROVIDENCE T F GREEN AP, RI US", "lat": 41.7219, "lon": -71.4325, "elev_m": 18.3, "nws_station": "KPVD", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 30.2, 32.0, 38.9, 49.3, 59.1, 68.2, 74.4, 73.0, 65.6, 54.4, 44.5, 35.5 ], "tmax": [ 38.3, 40.5, 47.7, 58.9, 68.9, 77.7, 83.6, 82.2, 74.8, 63.8, 53.2, 43.4 ], "tmin": [ 22.1, 23.5, 30.2, 39.6, 49.2, 58.8, 65.2, 63.9, 56.5, 45.1, 35.8, 27.6 ], "prcp": [ 3.96, 3.44, 4.9, 4.29, 3.37, 3.81, 2.91, 3.59, 4.17, 4.18, 4.27, 4.65 ], "snow": [ 10.3, 10.5, 6.4, 0.6, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1.0, 7.6 ], "hdd65": [ 1078.7, 924.0, 807.7, 475.3, 212.4, 38.6, 1.5, 2.9, 71.4, 336.1, 615.1, 914.4 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 2.8, 27.9, 136.0, 292.8, 252.3, 90.9, 9.1, 0.1, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 52.1, "jan_mean_f": 30.2, "jul_mean_f": 74.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 47.54, "snow_in": 36.6, "hdd65": 5478, "cdd65": 812, "cdd50": 3042, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Mar", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 11.2, "map_mm": 1208, "thot_c": 23.6, "tcold_c": -1.0, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 74, "pthreshold_mm": 363.2, "summer_share": 0.47 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 47.5, "dry_limit_in": 14.3, "tcold_f": 30.2, "thot_f": 74.4, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3042, "hdd65": 5478 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Kent", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "noreaster", "label": "Nor'easter" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 5478", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 37 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Kent County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Nor'easter, Coastal flood, Hurricane wind, Freeze-thaw and ice", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Rhode Island, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5478, CDD65 812); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 890.8, 181.2 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "RI", "nws_station": "KPVD", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "SC": { "usps": "SC", "name": "South Carolina", "fips": "45", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013883", "name": "COLUMBIA, SC US", "lat": 33.9486, "lon": -81.1186, "elev_m": 70.4, "nws_station": "KCAE", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 45.7, 49.1, 55.9, 64.1, 72.2, 79.1, 82.4, 81.0, 75.5, 64.6, 54.0, 47.7 ], "tmax": [ 56.8, 60.8, 68.3, 76.7, 83.8, 89.7, 92.7, 90.8, 85.7, 76.5, 66.4, 58.9 ], "tmin": [ 34.6, 37.3, 43.6, 51.5, 60.5, 68.6, 72.0, 71.2, 65.3, 52.7, 41.6, 36.5 ], "prcp": [ 3.49, 3.39, 3.57, 2.83, 3.49, 4.97, 5.35, 4.65, 3.91, 3.13, 2.76, 3.7 ], "snow": [ 0.6, 0.4, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1 ], "hdd65": [ 599.9, 450.7, 302.0, 108.8, 17.7, 0.6, 0.0, 0.0, 5.7, 104.5, 343.0, 539.7 ], "cdd65": [ 1.8, 4.2, 21.4, 81.8, 239.3, 425.0, 537.7, 495.9, 320.6, 92.1, 13.1, 3.5 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 64.3, "jan_mean_f": 45.7, "jul_mean_f": 82.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 45.24, "snow_in": 1.2, "hdd65": 2473, "cdd65": 2237, "cdd50": 5800, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Nov" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 17.9, "map_mm": 1149, "thot_c": 28.0, "tcold_c": 7.6, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 70, "pthreshold_mm": 498.6, "summer_share": 0.56 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 45.2, "dry_limit_in": 19.7, "tcold_f": 45.7, "thot_f": 82.4, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 5800, "hdd65": 2473 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Richland/Lexington", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "storm-surge", "label": "Storm surge" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "heat-humidity", "label": "Heat and humidity" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 2473 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 45 in, snow 1.2 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Richland/Lexington County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; deep porches, cross-ventilation plan, right-sized cooling with dehumidification", "because": "Hurricane wind, Storm surge, Riverine / urban flood, Heat and humidity, Earthquake", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in South Carolina, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 2473, CDD65 2237); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 767.3, 386 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "SC", "nws_station": "KCAE", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "SD": { "usps": "SD", "name": "South Dakota", "fips": "46", "region": "plains", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014944", "name": "SIOUX FALLS, SD US", "lat": 43.5878, "lon": -96.7289, "elev_m": 435.9, "nws_station": "KFSD", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 17.9, 22.3, 34.7, 47.2, 59.1, 69.9, 74.4, 72.0, 63.8, 49.6, 34.8, 22.5 ], "tmax": [ 27.2, 32.0, 45.0, 59.0, 70.8, 80.9, 85.3, 82.8, 75.6, 61.1, 45.0, 31.6 ], "tmin": [ 8.5, 12.6, 24.3, 35.5, 47.5, 58.8, 63.4, 61.1, 51.9, 38.1, 24.5, 13.4 ], "prcp": [ 0.6, 0.83, 1.6, 3.0, 3.86, 4.23, 3.25, 3.34, 2.73, 2.36, 1.22, 0.83 ], "snow": [ 8.0, 8.6, 7.2, 5.1, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.4, 6.2, 8.7 ], "hdd65": [ 1461.4, 1195.4, 941.5, 537.6, 226.7, 32.5, 4.7, 11.9, 126.4, 485.3, 907.7, 1317.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.6, 5.1, 45.4, 177.8, 294.4, 227.3, 88.8, 7.9, 0.2, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 47.3, "jan_mean_f": 17.9, "jul_mean_f": 74.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 27.85, "snow_in": 45.3, "hdd65": 7248, "cdd65": 847, "cdd50": 2919, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.5, "map_mm": 707, "thot_c": 23.6, "tcold_c": -7.8, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 15, "pthreshold_mm": 450.6, "summer_share": 0.73 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 6, "moisture": "A", "label": "6A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 27.9, "dry_limit_in": 12.3, "tcold_f": 17.9, "thot_f": 74.4, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2919, "hdd65": 7248 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6A", "county": "Minnehaha", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ranch (post-sod-house)", "climate_fit": "low profile and small footprint present the least surface to sustained plains wind" }, { "name": "Hipped-roof prairie cottage", "climate_fit": "hipped roof resists uplift better than gable ends in open wind" }, { "name": "Storm-cellar / basement tradition", "climate_fit": "below-grade shelter is standard practice, not an amenity, in tornado country" }, { "name": "Shelterbelt farmstead", "climate_fit": "planted windbreak rows cut wind-driven snow drift and soil erosion around the house" }, { "name": "Prairie foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story boxy form holds heat against open-plains winter wind" }, { "name": "Pole-barn / Quonset outbuilding vernacular", "climate_fit": "curved or braced-frame ancillary structures shed snow load and resist wind" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "secondary (drifting matters more than static load)", "wind": "dominant", "seismic": "minor to secondary, concentrated in central Oklahoma (induced)", "wildfire": "secondary (grassland and rangeland fire)", "flood": "secondary (flash flooding, prairie pothole/playa)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 6: HDD65 7248", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 45 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 6: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 6", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6A (Minnehaha County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule", "because": "Extreme cold, Tornado, Hail, Drought, High wind", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in South Dakota, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 7248, CDD65 847); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 423.1, 169.4 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "SD", "nws_station": "KFSD", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "TN": { "usps": "TN", "name": "Tennessee", "fips": "47", "region": "southeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013897", "name": "NASHVILLE INTL AP, TN US", "lat": 36.1189, "lon": -86.6892, "elev_m": 182.9, "nws_station": "KBNA", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 39.6, 43.4, 51.5, 60.8, 69.3, 77.1, 80.7, 79.7, 73.1, 61.7, 50.3, 42.7 ], "tmax": [ 49.1, 53.8, 62.7, 72.6, 80.4, 87.7, 90.9, 90.4, 84.4, 73.5, 61.4, 52.2 ], "tmin": [ 30.1, 33.0, 40.2, 48.9, 58.3, 66.4, 70.5, 69.0, 61.8, 49.9, 39.2, 33.3 ], "prcp": [ 4.02, 4.47, 4.52, 4.72, 5.02, 4.36, 4.16, 3.79, 3.8, 3.36, 3.86, 4.43 ], "snow": [ 2.0, 1.5, 0.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.4 ], "hdd65": [ 787.5, 606.1, 430.7, 179.7, 41.9, 1.3, 0.0, 0.1, 14.4, 164.6, 446.9, 690.8 ], "cdd65": [ 0.3, 1.3, 10.6, 52.2, 176.7, 362.8, 486.7, 455.8, 257.3, 62.2, 6.0, 1.1 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 60.8, "jan_mean_f": 39.6, "jul_mean_f": 80.7, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 50.51, "snow_in": 4.7, "hdd65": 3364, "cdd65": 1873, "cdd50": 4940, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Oct" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 16.0, "map_mm": 1283, "thot_c": 27.1, "tcold_c": 4.2, "tmon10": 9, "pdry_mm": 85, "pthreshold_mm": 460.3, "summer_share": 0.51 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 3, "moisture": "A", "label": "3A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 50.5, "dry_limit_in": 18.2, "tcold_f": 39.6, "thot_f": 80.7, "months_over_50f": 9, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4940, "hdd65": 3364 }, "adopted": { "zone": "3A", "county": "Davidson", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" }, { "id": "seismic-nmsz", "label": "New Madrid seismic zone" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide, doors aligned — cross-breeze before air conditioning" }, { "name": "Creole cottage / townhouse", "climate_fit": "raised main floor and galleries above street water" }, { "name": "Florida Cracker / dogtrot", "climate_fit": "elevated frame, breezeway core, metal roof sheds torrential rain" }, { "name": "Lowcountry raised cottage", "climate_fit": "piers for flood and breeze; deep piazzas for shade" }, { "name": "Key West conch", "climate_fit": "metal roof, shutters and porches built for hurricane country" }, { "name": "Mediterranean / Spanish Revival", "climate_fit": "stucco and tile against sun and salt air" }, { "name": "Brick ranch", "climate_fit": "slab-on-grade postwar default of the inland South" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed, cooling-leaning", "because": "IECC zone 3: CDD50 at or under 6300 and HDD65 3364 at or under 3600", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 51 in, snow 4.7 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 3", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-20 or R-13+5ci or R-0+15ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 2 ft; basement wall R-5ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 3A (Davidson County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Tornado, Riverine / urban flood, Ice storm, New Madrid seismic zone", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Tennessee, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3364, CDD65 1873); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 663.2, 355.4 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "TN", "nws_station": "KBNA", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "TX": { "usps": "TX", "name": "Texas", "fips": "48", "region": "south-central", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00003927", "name": "DALLAS FT WORTH AP, TX US", "lat": 32.8978, "lon": -97.0189, "elev_m": 170.7, "nws_station": "KDFW", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 46.3, 50.5, 58.2, 65.6, 74.0, 81.9, 85.7, 85.7, 78.5, 67.7, 56.4, 48.1 ], "tmax": [ 56.5, 60.9, 68.6, 76.1, 83.6, 91.5, 95.6, 95.8, 88.6, 78.4, 66.6, 57.9 ], "tmin": [ 36.1, 40.1, 47.8, 55.2, 64.5, 72.2, 75.8, 75.7, 68.5, 57.1, 46.2, 38.3 ], "prcp": [ 2.53, 2.76, 3.3, 3.22, 4.78, 3.7, 2.08, 2.18, 2.72, 4.37, 2.53, 2.84 ], "snow": [ 0.1, 1.0, 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2 ], "hdd65": [ 582.0, 413.4, 246.2, 82.4, 9.9, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 3.4, 69.2, 285.2, 528.3 ], "cdd65": [ 2.4, 7.5, 35.4, 101.9, 290.4, 505.5, 641.6, 643.0, 409.8, 154.5, 27.3, 4.5 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 66.6, "jan_mean_f": 46.3, "jul_mean_f": 85.7, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 37.01, "snow_in": 1.6, "hdd65": 2220, "cdd65": 2824, "cdd50": 6489, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 19.2, "map_mm": 940, "thot_c": 29.8, "tcold_c": 7.9, "tmon10": 10, "pdry_mm": 53, "pthreshold_mm": 523.9, "summer_share": 0.5 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 2, "moisture": "A", "label": "2A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 37.0, "dry_limit_in": 20.7, "tcold_f": 46.3, "thot_f": 85.7, "months_over_50f": 10, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 6489, "hdd65": 2220 }, "adopted": { "zone": "2A", "county": "Tarrant/Dallas", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/dallas/iecc-2021/chapter/CE_3/ce-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane", "label": "Hurricane wind" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "hail", "label": "Hail" }, { "id": "extreme-heat", "label": "Extreme heat" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "ice-storm", "label": "Ice storm" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Dogtrot", "climate_fit": "open central breezeway cools two flanking rooms before mechanical air conditioning" }, { "name": "Shotgun", "climate_fit": "one room wide with aligned doors for cross-ventilation in humid heat" }, { "name": "Texas German stone farmhouse", "climate_fit": "thick limestone walls buffer the Hill Country's hot days and cool nights" }, { "name": "Acadian cottage", "climate_fit": "raised floor and broad porch handle Louisiana humidity and standing water" }, { "name": "Raised Gulf cottage", "climate_fit": "pier foundation lifts the living floor above storm surge and flood" }, { "name": "Hill Country modern", "climate_fit": "deep overhangs and stone massing manage sun and flash-flood-prone sites" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "minor", "cooling": "dominant", "moisture": "dominant (Gulf humidity)", "snow_load": "minor (occasional damaging ice events)", "wind": "dominant (hurricane and tornado exposure)", "seismic": "minor", "wildfire": "secondary, concentrated in western Texas during drought", "flood": "dominant (hurricane storm surge and Hill Country flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "cooling-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 2: CDD50 above 6300", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 37 in, snow 1.6 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "elevated pier / pile or raised slab above design flood elevation", "because": "flood-class hazard flag", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "keep humid outdoor air out: exterior-side vapor control, sealed attic or vented with dehumidification", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 2", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-49; wood-frame wall R-13 or R-0+10ci; floor R-13; slab R-0; basement wall R-0", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 2A (Tarrant/Dallas County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "minimize west glass, shade south and west with overhangs or porches, low-SHGC glazing", "because": "cooling-leaning zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "continuous load path, wind-rated openings, hip roof preferred, elevate above surge; storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; impact-rated roofing (UL 2218 Class 4); ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; cool roof, shaded outdoor rooms, thermal mass where nights are cool", "because": "Hurricane wind, Tornado, Hail, Extreme heat, Flash flood, Drought, Ice storm", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Texas, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (heating-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 2220, CDD65 2824); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 427.4, 461.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "TX", "nws_station": "KDFW", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00012960", "name": "HOUSTON INTERCONT AP, TX US", "lat": 29.98, "lon": -95.36, "annual": { "tavg_f": 70.5, "jan_mean_f": 53.8, "jul_mean_f": 85.1, "precip_in": 51.8, "snow_in": 0.1, "hdd65": 1266, "cdd50": 7585 }, "koppen": "Cfa", "iecc_zone": 2 }, { "ncei_station": "USW00012921", "name": "SAN ANTONIO INTL AP, TX US", "lat": 29.5442, "lon": -98.4839, "annual": { "tavg_f": 69.6, "jan_mean_f": 52.2, "jul_mean_f": 84.8, "precip_in": 32.4, "snow_in": 0.2, "hdd65": 1438, "cdd50": 7354 }, "koppen": "Cfa", "iecc_zone": 2 } ] }, "UT": { "usps": "UT", "name": "Utah", "fips": "49", "region": "mountain", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024127", "name": "SALT LAKE CITY INTL AP, UT US", "lat": 40.7781, "lon": -111.9694, "elev_m": 1287.8, "nws_station": "KSLC", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 31.4, 36.6, 45.8, 51.8, 61.5, 71.6, 81.1, 79.1, 68.4, 54.6, 41.7, 32.2 ], "tmax": [ 38.6, 44.7, 55.3, 61.9, 72.6, 84.1, 94.0, 91.7, 80.6, 65.5, 50.7, 39.0 ], "tmin": [ 24.2, 28.6, 36.3, 41.8, 50.4, 59.1, 68.2, 66.6, 56.3, 43.6, 32.8, 25.3 ], "prcp": [ 1.43, 1.3, 1.75, 2.16, 1.82, 0.95, 0.49, 0.58, 1.06, 1.26, 1.32, 1.4 ], "snow": [ 12.7, 10.7, 5.9, 2.9, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 7.0, 12.1 ], "hdd65": [ 1041.4, 793.6, 595.6, 399.6, 171.7, 36.3, 1.2, 2.1, 59.4, 337.4, 697.5, 1018.0 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 5.3, 63.1, 234.3, 500.0, 440.6, 162.7, 13.5, 0.1, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 54.7, "jan_mean_f": 31.4, "jul_mean_f": 81.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 15.52, "snow_in": 51.9, "hdd65": 5154, "cdd65": 1420, "cdd50": 3779, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Apr", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dsa", "name": "Hot-summer Mediterranean continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 12.6, "map_mm": 394, "thot_c": 27.3, "tcold_c": -0.3, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 12, "pthreshold_mm": 391.7, "summer_share": 0.45 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 15.5, "dry_limit_in": 15.5, "tcold_f": 31.4, "thot_f": 81.1, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": true, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3779, "hdd65": 5154 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5B", "county": "Salt Lake", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 4A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 5B to Salt Lake County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" }, { "id": "flash-flood", "label": "Flash flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ski chalet", "climate_fit": "steep gable roof and deep eaves shed heavy mountain snowfall" }, { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log walls hold heat through long, cold winters" }, { "name": "Mining-town Victorian", "climate_fit": "narrow lots and steep metal roofs from 19th-century boomtowns built for snow load" }, { "name": "Mountain modern", "climate_fit": "large glazing and simple massing chase views while metal roofs shed snow" }, { "name": "Valley ranch", "climate_fit": "low, single-story postwar stock in the drier basin towns where snow load is lighter" }, { "name": "Earth-sheltered / passive solar", "climate_fit": "Rocky Mountain berm-and-solar tradition that banks on the region's intense high-elevation sun" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "dominant", "wind": "secondary (exposed ridgelines, canyon winds)", "seismic": "secondary, concentrated on the Wasatch Front (UT)", "wildfire": "dominant", "flood": "secondary (snowmelt and canyon flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 5154 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 52 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5B (Salt Lake County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Earthquake, Snow load, Wildfire, Drought, Flash flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Utah, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 5154, CDD65 1420); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dsa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 223.2, 264.3 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "UT", "nws_station": "KSLC", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "VT": { "usps": "VT", "name": "Vermont", "fips": "50", "region": "northeast", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014742", "name": "BURLINGTON INTL AP, VT US", "lat": 44.4683, "lon": -73.15, "elev_m": 100.6, "nws_station": "KBTV", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 20.9, 22.9, 32.3, 45.6, 58.4, 67.5, 72.4, 70.7, 62.7, 50.3, 39.3, 28.2 ], "tmax": [ 28.9, 31.5, 40.9, 55.3, 69.0, 77.6, 82.4, 80.7, 72.6, 58.9, 46.4, 35.0 ], "tmin": [ 12.9, 14.3, 23.6, 35.9, 47.8, 57.3, 62.4, 60.7, 52.9, 41.8, 32.1, 21.3 ], "prcp": [ 2.13, 1.77, 2.24, 3.07, 3.76, 4.26, 4.06, 3.54, 3.67, 3.83, 2.7, 2.5 ], "snow": [ 21.1, 19.3, 17.5, 4.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 5.7, 19.5 ], "hdd65": [ 1366.9, 1178.7, 1015.6, 585.7, 236.4, 49.5, 5.6, 14.7, 133.5, 458.8, 772.6, 1142.3 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.4, 3.7, 31.7, 122.9, 234.9, 191.3, 65.9, 4.7, 0.1, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 47.6, "jan_mean_f": 20.9, "jul_mean_f": 72.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 37.53, "snow_in": 87.5, "hdd65": 6960, "cdd65": 656, "cdd50": 2638, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.7, "map_mm": 953, "thot_c": 22.4, "tcold_c": -6.2, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 45, "pthreshold_mm": 313.3, "summer_share": 0.6 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 37.5, "dry_limit_in": 12.4, "tcold_f": 20.9, "thot_f": 72.4, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2638, "hdd65": 6960 }, "adopted": { "zone": "6A", "county": "Chittenden", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 5A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 6A to Chittenden County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Colonial / Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "compact two-story form and central chimney hold heat through winter" }, { "name": "Cape Cod", "climate_fit": "low profile and steep roof shed snow and shrug off wind" }, { "name": "Saltbox", "climate_fit": "long rear roofline turns its back to the north wind" }, { "name": "Brownstone / rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Triple-decker", "climate_fit": "stacked flats — New England's dense urban housing form" }, { "name": "Queen Anne Victorian", "climate_fit": "the heavy ornate stock of the region's industrial-era boom" }, { "name": "Split-level / raised ranch", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban default on graded lots" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6960", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "steep, 8:12 or more, with snow retention", "because": "annual snowfall normal 88 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 6A (Chittenden County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Snow load, Extreme cold, Freeze-thaw and ice, Riverine / urban flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Vermont, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6960, CDD65 656); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 859.9, 133.6 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "VT", "nws_station": "KBTV", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "VA": { "usps": "VA", "name": "Virginia", "fips": "51", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013740", "name": "RICHMOND INTL AP, VA US", "lat": 37.505, "lon": -77.3203, "elev_m": 50.0, "nws_station": "KRIC", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 38.3, 41.0, 48.4, 58.4, 66.7, 75.0, 79.4, 77.5, 71.2, 60.0, 49.6, 41.8 ], "tmax": [ 47.8, 51.6, 59.6, 70.4, 77.8, 85.6, 89.5, 87.5, 81.2, 70.9, 60.4, 51.5 ], "tmin": [ 28.8, 30.4, 37.2, 46.4, 55.7, 64.5, 69.2, 67.6, 61.1, 49.0, 38.8, 32.1 ], "prcp": [ 3.23, 2.61, 4.0, 3.18, 4.0, 4.64, 4.37, 4.9, 4.61, 3.39, 3.06, 3.51 ], "snow": [ 3.7, 2.2, 1.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.8 ], "hdd65": [ 827.7, 672.4, 519.4, 235.1, 72.0, 6.1, 0.0, 0.2, 21.5, 196.9, 465.0, 719.9 ], "cdd65": [ 0.2, 0.4, 4.9, 37.1, 126.2, 307.6, 444.8, 389.2, 205.9, 40.4, 3.1, 0.8 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 59.0, "jan_mean_f": 38.3, "jul_mean_f": 79.4, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 45.5, "snow_in": 8.8, "hdd65": 3736, "cdd65": 1560, "cdd50": 4445, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Aug", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 15.0, "map_mm": 1156, "thot_c": 26.3, "tcold_c": 3.5, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 66, "pthreshold_mm": 439.4, "summer_share": 0.56 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 45.5, "dry_limit_in": 17.4, "tcold_f": 38.3, "thot_f": 79.4, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 4445, "hdd65": 3736 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Henrico", "confidence": "inferred-from-county-list", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "hurricane-remnant", "label": "Tropical remnants" }, { "id": "coastal-flood", "label": "Coastal flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 3736 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 to 6:12, or engineered low-slope", "because": "annual snowfall normal 9 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Henrico County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops", "because": "Tropical remnants, Coastal flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Tornado, Earthquake", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Virginia, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 3736, CDD65 1560); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 790.2, 299.5 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "VA", "nws_station": "KRIC", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "WA": { "usps": "WA", "name": "Washington", "fips": "53", "region": "northwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024233", "name": "SEATTLE TACOMA INTL AP, WA US", "lat": 47.4444, "lon": -122.3139, "elev_m": 112.8, "nws_station": "KSEA", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 42.8, 44.0, 47.1, 51.3, 57.5, 62.0, 67.1, 67.4, 62.6, 53.8, 46.5, 42.0 ], "tmax": [ 48.0, 50.3, 54.2, 59.3, 66.3, 71.1, 77.4, 77.6, 71.6, 60.5, 52.1, 47.0 ], "tmin": [ 37.7, 37.7, 39.9, 43.3, 48.7, 53.0, 56.8, 57.2, 53.6, 47.0, 40.9, 37.1 ], "prcp": [ 5.78, 3.76, 4.17, 3.18, 1.88, 1.45, 0.6, 0.97, 1.61, 3.91, 6.31, 5.72 ], "snow": [ 1.8, 2.2, 0.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1.7 ], "hdd65": [ 686.7, 588.0, 556.6, 411.9, 241.8, 117.9, 31.1, 23.7, 102.4, 349.3, 555.0, 711.4 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 0.9, 9.3, 29.4, 96.1, 98.1, 30.4, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 53.7, "jan_mean_f": 42.8, "jul_mean_f": 67.1, "warmest_month": "Aug", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 39.34, "snow_in": 6.3, "hdd65": 4376, "cdd65": 265, "cdd50": 2322, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Nov", "driest_month": "Jul" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Csb", "name": "Warm-summer Mediterranean", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 12.0, "map_mm": 999, "thot_c": 19.7, "tcold_c": 5.6, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 15, "pthreshold_mm": 240.8, "summer_share": 0.25 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "C", "label": "4C", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 39.3, "dry_limit_in": 15.0, "tcold_f": 42.0, "thot_f": 67.4, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": true, "rule": "27=4 months >50F, summer dry season, CDD50 under the marine cap", "cdd50": 2322, "hdd65": 4376 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4C", "county": "King", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "atmospheric-river", "label": "Atmospheric river" }, { "id": "seismic", "label": "Earthquake" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Craftsman bungalow", "climate_fit": "deep eaves and covered porches shed the long wet season" }, { "name": "Northwest Modern", "climate_fit": "shed roofs, cedar, big glass for soft light and views — needs disciplined rain detailing" }, { "name": "A-frame / mountain cabin", "climate_fit": "steep roof dumps the inland snow load" }, { "name": "Valley farmhouse", "climate_fit": "gabled roof and wrap porch for the wet-mild Willamette pattern" }, { "name": "Inland ranch", "climate_fit": "low-pitch postwar stock where snow loads stay modest" } ], "design_drivers": {}, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4376 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "4:12 or more for rain shedding; metal or tile where rain is torrential", "because": "precip 39 in, snow 6.3 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "rainscreen cladding with a drained, vented cavity; vapor-open to the exterior; keep sheathing warm", "because": "moisture regime C (marine)", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4C (King County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "anchored sill plates, shear walls, cripple-wall bracing, flexible utility connections; Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Atmospheric river, Earthquake, Wildfire, Snow load, High wind", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Washington, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4376, CDD65 265); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Csb normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 122.3, 57.7 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "WA", "nws_station": "KSEA", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true }, "secondary_stations": [ { "ncei_station": "USW00024157", "name": "SPOKANE INTL AP, WA US", "lat": 47.6217, "lon": -117.5281, "annual": { "tavg_f": 48.6, "jan_mean_f": 29.6, "jul_mean_f": 71.0, "precip_in": 16.4, "snow_in": 45.4, "hdd65": 6463, "cdd50": 2322 }, "koppen": "Dsb", "iecc_zone": 5 } ] }, "WV": { "usps": "WV", "name": "West Virginia", "fips": "54", "region": "mid-atlantic", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00013866", "name": "CHARLESTON YEAGER AP, WV US", "lat": 38.3794, "lon": -81.59, "elev_m": 277.4, "nws_station": "KCRW", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 35.0, 38.2, 46.0, 56.9, 64.7, 72.3, 75.8, 74.6, 68.3, 57.0, 46.4, 38.7 ], "tmax": [ 43.9, 47.8, 56.8, 69.4, 76.2, 83.1, 86.0, 85.2, 79.5, 68.7, 57.3, 47.5 ], "tmin": [ 26.1, 28.6, 35.1, 44.5, 53.2, 61.5, 65.5, 64.1, 57.1, 45.3, 35.6, 29.9 ], "prcp": [ 3.27, 3.36, 4.14, 3.56, 4.93, 4.72, 5.38, 3.75, 3.46, 2.91, 3.2, 3.56 ], "snow": [ 10.3, 7.7, 5.9, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.6, 1.5, 5.0 ], "hdd65": [ 929.8, 750.7, 595.5, 271.6, 103.6, 10.4, 0.1, 1.0, 44.9, 271.4, 558.5, 815.6 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.3, 5.0, 30.0, 94.3, 229.4, 333.4, 300.1, 143.9, 23.4, 2.0, 0.3 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 56.1, "jan_mean_f": 35.0, "jul_mean_f": 75.8, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 46.24, "snow_in": 31.5, "hdd65": 4353, "cdd65": 1162, "cdd50": 3831, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jul", "driest_month": "Oct" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Cfa", "name": "Humid subtropical", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 13.4, "map_mm": 1174, "thot_c": 24.3, "tcold_c": 1.7, "tmon10": 7, "pdry_mm": 74, "pthreshold_mm": 408.4, "summer_share": 0.56 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 4, "moisture": "A", "label": "4A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 46.2, "dry_limit_in": 16.1, "tcold_f": 35.0, "thot_f": 75.8, "months_over_50f": 7, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 3831, "hdd65": 4353 }, "adopted": { "zone": "4A", "county": "Kanawha", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "landslide", "label": "Landslide" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Federal / Georgian rowhouse", "climate_fit": "party walls and masonry mass buffer winter cold on dense urban lots" }, { "name": "Pennsylvania bank barn farmhouse", "climate_fit": "earth-banked lower level insulates against the interior's colder winters" }, { "name": "Cape (Jersey Shore)", "climate_fit": "low, compact form stands up to coastal wind and nor'easter exposure" }, { "name": "Colonial Revival", "climate_fit": "symmetric massing and a central chimney hold heat through the four-season interior climate" }, { "name": "Baltimore rowhouse", "climate_fit": "shared walls and marble stoops handle dense, humid-summer urban blocks" }, { "name": "Dutch Colonial", "climate_fit": "gambrel roof sheds snow while adding headroom in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey Dutch country" }, { "name": "Tidewater farmhouse", "climate_fit": "raised foundation and wide porches manage Chesapeake humidity and tidal flooding" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "secondary to dominant, heavier in the Appalachian interior than the coastal plain", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary", "snow_load": "secondary, higher in Appalachian ridge counties than the coast", "wind": "secondary (hurricane remnants and nor'easters)", "seismic": "minor, elevated in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (coastal and tidal flooding, nor'easter storm surge)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "mixed", "because": "IECC zone 4: HDD65 4353 between 3600 and 5400", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 32 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "conditioned crawlspace or basement; slab acceptable with edge insulation", "because": "IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 4", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-19; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-10ci or R-13", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 4A (Kanawha County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "south glass with sized overhangs; moderate SHGC; shade west", "because": "mixed zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Riverine / urban flood, Freeze-thaw and ice, Snow load, Landslide", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in West Virginia, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 4353, CDD65 1162); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Cfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 754.9, 280 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "WV", "nws_station": "KCRW", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "WI": { "usps": "WI", "name": "Wisconsin", "fips": "55", "region": "midwest", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00014839", "name": "MILWAUKEE MITCHELL AP, WI US", "lat": 42.955, "lon": -87.9044, "elev_m": 204.2, "nws_station": "KMKE", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 24.0, 27.1, 36.4, 46.3, 57.1, 67.6, 73.3, 72.3, 65.0, 53.0, 40.4, 29.5 ], "tmax": [ 30.9, 34.2, 44.2, 54.7, 66.5, 76.8, 81.9, 80.3, 73.5, 61.3, 47.8, 36.1 ], "tmin": [ 17.2, 20.0, 28.7, 37.8, 47.8, 58.4, 64.7, 64.2, 56.4, 44.7, 33.1, 23.0 ], "prcp": [ 1.79, 1.69, 2.2, 3.86, 3.54, 4.38, 3.4, 3.65, 3.16, 2.78, 2.24, 1.88 ], "snow": [ 14.9, 11.8, 6.7, 2.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 2.5, 10.4 ], "hdd65": [ 1269.2, 1061.1, 885.8, 566.0, 277.8, 63.8, 6.3, 7.6, 94.3, 382.6, 736.9, 1098.8 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 3.5, 34.4, 141.7, 263.4, 232.3, 92.7, 10.6, 0.4, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 49.3, "jan_mean_f": 24.0, "jul_mean_f": 73.3, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Jan", "precip_in": 34.57, "snow_in": 48.7, "hdd65": 6450, "cdd65": 780, "cdd50": 2787, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "Jun", "driest_month": "Feb" } }, "koppen": { "code": "Dfa", "name": "Hot-summer humid continental", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 9.6, "map_mm": 878, "thot_c": 22.9, "tcold_c": -4.4, "tmon10": 6, "pdry_mm": 43, "pthreshold_mm": 332.6, "summer_share": 0.64 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 34.6, "dry_limit_in": 13.1, "tcold_f": 24.0, "thot_f": 73.3, "months_over_50f": 6, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2787, "hdd65": 6450 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5A", "county": "Milwaukee", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": true }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "tornado", "label": "Tornado" }, { "id": "ice", "label": "Freeze-thaw and ice" }, { "id": "flood", "label": "Riverine / urban flood" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "American Foursquare", "climate_fit": "compact two-story box with a hipped roof holds heat and sheds snow efficiently" }, { "name": "Chicago bungalow", "climate_fit": "brick construction and a raised basement handle freeze-thaw and heating load on dense city lots" }, { "name": "I-house", "climate_fit": "narrow two-story farmhouse form vents summer heat through tall rooms" }, { "name": "Gable-front cottage", "climate_fit": "simple steep gable sheds snow on the narrow lots of Midwest mill and rail towns" }, { "name": "Split-level", "climate_fit": "postwar suburban form that separates heating zones across a continental temperature swing" }, { "name": "Farmhouse (gabled, wrap porch)", "climate_fit": "deep porch and tall windows manage humid-summer heat on the open Corn Belt" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "secondary", "moisture": "secondary (humid summers)", "snow_load": "secondary, dominant in Great Lakes snowbelt counties", "wind": "secondary, elevated in the Corn Belt derecho corridor", "seismic": "minor, elevated near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (southeastern MO)", "wildfire": "minor", "flood": "dominant (Mississippi/Ohio/Missouri river-valley flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6450", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "6:12 to 8:12, ice-dam eave detailing", "because": "annual snowfall normal 49 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5A (Milwaukee County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "storm shelter or safe room; hurricane ties even outside hurricane zones; ice-dam eave membrane, snow guards, buried or protected service drops; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Extreme cold, Snow load, Tornado, Freeze-thaw and ice, Riverine / urban flood", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Wisconsin, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6450, CDD65 780); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a Dfa normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 585.6, 163.8 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "WI", "nws_station": "KMKE", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } }, "WY": { "usps": "WY", "name": "Wyoming", "fips": "56", "region": "mountain", "anchor": { "ncei_station": "USW00024018", "name": "CHEYENNE, WY US", "lat": 41.1519, "lon": -104.8061, "elev_m": 1867.8, "nws_station": "KCYS", "note": null }, "normals": { "period": "1991-2020", "units": { "temp": "F", "precip": "in", "snow": "in", "degree_days": "F-days" }, "monthly": { "tavg": [ 29.2, 29.5, 37.1, 42.8, 52.3, 63.1, 70.1, 68.1, 59.6, 46.5, 36.1, 28.7 ], "tmax": [ 40.0, 40.6, 49.1, 54.8, 64.4, 76.7, 84.1, 82.0, 73.3, 59.1, 47.5, 39.3 ], "tmin": [ 18.4, 18.4, 25.1, 30.8, 40.2, 49.4, 56.1, 54.3, 45.8, 33.9, 24.7, 18.1 ], "prcp": [ 0.35, 0.52, 0.96, 1.79, 2.44, 2.16, 2.11, 1.52, 1.47, 1.0, 0.61, 0.48 ], "snow": [ 6.3, 9.0, 9.7, 11.3, 3.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 5.9, 7.5, 8.8 ], "hdd65": [ 1109.9, 993.8, 865.0, 666.0, 398.1, 114.7, 17.2, 32.6, 195.9, 573.9, 867.0, 1125.1 ], "cdd65": [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 4.3, 56.1, 175.2, 130.1, 32.3, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0 ] }, "annual": { "tavg_f": 46.9, "jan_mean_f": 29.2, "jul_mean_f": 70.1, "warmest_month": "Jul", "coldest_month": "Dec", "precip_in": 15.41, "snow_in": 62.9, "hdd65": 6959, "cdd65": 398, "cdd50": 2146, "cdd50_method": "single-sine estimate from monthly normal daily max/min (Allen 1976); NCEI base-50 series is not served by the access API", "wettest_month": "May", "driest_month": "Jan" } }, "koppen": { "code": "BSk", "name": "Cold semi-arid", "computed": true, "method": "Peel-Finlayson-McMahon 2007 Table 1", "trace": { "mat_c": 8.3, "map_mm": 391, "thot_c": 21.2, "tcold_c": -1.8, "tmon10": 5, "pdry_mm": 9, "pthreshold_mm": 445.8, "summer_share": 0.75 } }, "iecc": { "zone": 5, "moisture": "A", "label": "5A", "computed": true, "method": "2021 IECC Table C301.3 thermal criteria and moisture-regime definitions, applied to the anchor station's 1991-2020 normals", "trace": { "annual_precip_in": 15.4, "dry_limit_in": 12.1, "tcold_f": 28.7, "thot_f": 70.1, "months_over_50f": 5, "summer_dry_season": false, "rule": "not dry, not marine", "cdd50": 2146, "hdd65": 6959 }, "adopted": { "zone": "5B", "county": "Laramie", "confidence": "verified", "url": "https://up.codes/viewer/colorado/iecc-2021/chapter/RE_3/re-general-requirements", "fetched_on": "2026-09-26" }, "matches_adopted": false, "adopted_note": "Computed 5A from 1991-2020 station normals; Table R301.1 assigns 5B to Laramie County. The adopted zone governs permits; the computed zone describes the current climate." }, "hazards": [ { "id": "extreme-cold", "label": "Extreme cold" }, { "id": "wind", "label": "High wind" }, { "id": "snow-load", "label": "Snow load" }, { "id": "wildfire", "label": "Wildfire" }, { "id": "drought", "label": "Drought" } ], "house_types": [ { "name": "Ski chalet", "climate_fit": "steep gable roof and deep eaves shed heavy mountain snowfall" }, { "name": "Log cabin", "climate_fit": "thick log walls hold heat through long, cold winters" }, { "name": "Mining-town Victorian", "climate_fit": "narrow lots and steep metal roofs from 19th-century boomtowns built for snow load" }, { "name": "Mountain modern", "climate_fit": "large glazing and simple massing chase views while metal roofs shed snow" }, { "name": "Valley ranch", "climate_fit": "low, single-story postwar stock in the drier basin towns where snow load is lighter" }, { "name": "Earth-sheltered / passive solar", "climate_fit": "Rocky Mountain berm-and-solar tradition that banks on the region's intense high-elevation sun" } ], "design_drivers": { "heating": "dominant", "cooling": "minor", "moisture": "minor", "snow_load": "dominant", "wind": "secondary (exposed ridgelines, canyon winds)", "seismic": "secondary, concentrated on the Wasatch Front (UT)", "wildfire": "dominant", "flood": "secondary (snowmelt and canyon flash flooding)" }, "decisions": { "envelope_priority": { "value": "heating-dominated", "because": "IECC zone 5: HDD65 6959", "basis": "ncei.hdd65, ncei.cdd50 -> iecc.zone" }, "roof_pitch": { "value": "steep, 8:12 or more, with snow retention", "because": "annual snowfall normal 63 in", "basis": "ncei.snow_in, ncei.precip_in" }, "foundation": { "value": "full basement or frost-protected footing below frost line", "because": "IECC zone 5: deep frost line", "basis": "iecc.zone, hazards" }, "moisture": { "value": "interior-side class II vapor retarder, airtight envelope, balanced ventilation with heat recovery", "because": "moisture regime A (moist), IECC zone 5", "basis": "iecc.moisture, iecc.zone" }, "insulation": { "value": "ceiling R-60; wood-frame wall R-30 or R-20+5ci or R-13+10ci or R-0+20ci; floor R-30; slab R-10ci, 4 ft; basement wall R-15ci or R-19 or R-13+5ci", "because": "2021 IECC Table R402.1.3 for the adopted county zone 5B (Laramie County, Table R301.1)", "basis": "iecc.adopted -> R402.1.3 (confirm the adopted edition and local amendments)" }, "glazing": { "value": "concentrate glass south with overhangs tuned to winter sun; minimize north glass; high-performance frames", "because": "heating-dominated zone", "basis": "iecc.zone" }, "structure": { "value": "Class A roof, ember-resistant vents, noncombustible 5 ft zone, defensible space; thermal-bridge-free envelope, protected water lines, arctic entry vestibule; roof framed for ground snow load; avoid valleys that trap drifts", "because": "Extreme cold, High wind, Snow load, Wildfire, Drought", "basis": "STATE_HAZARDS (editorial, state-level)" }, "_trace": [ { "step": 1, "family": "P", "code": "P6", "op": "Point-of-View Anchoring", "note": "the anchor station is the state's primary airport; the house is somewhere in Wyoming, not at the airport" }, { "step": 2, "family": "IN", "code": "IN17", "op": "Counterfactual Negation", "note": "if the same house stood in the opposite regime (cooling-dominated), the roof, foundation and vapor logic would invert; every decision above should change, or it was not climate-driven" }, { "step": 3, "family": "DE", "code": "DE7", "op": "Pareto Decomposition (80/20)", "note": "degree-days decide the envelope first (HDD65 6959, CDD65 398); snow and rain decide the roof; hazard flags decide structure" }, { "step": 4, "family": "CO", "code": "CO4", "op": "Interdisciplinary Synthesis", "note": "normals (climatology), the vernacular house types (architecture) and the hazard flags (risk science) are read together; none of the three decides alone" }, { "step": 5, "family": "RE", "code": "RE17", "op": "Versioning & Diff", "note": "normals are the 1991-2020 period; the live NWS panel is today's diff against that baseline" }, { "step": 6, "family": "SY", "code": "SY18", "op": "Measurement & Telemetry", "note": "never treat a BSk normal as a tail-risk model; the live alerts, quakes and events feeds are the instruments that catch the tails" } ] }, "centroid": [ 303.1, 192 ], "live": { "nws_alert_area": "WY", "nws_station": "KCYS", "usgs_feed": "2.5_day", "eonet": true } } } }